Investigation of Gut Microbiota Disorders in Sepsis and Sepsis Complicated with Acute Gastrointestinal Injury Based on 16S rRNA Genes Illumina Sequencing

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host’s dysfunctional response to infection, which can cause acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI). The gut microbiota is dynamic and plays a role in the immune and metabolic. The aim of this study was to investigate the composition and function of gut microbiota in patients with sepsis, as well as the gut microbiome that may be involved in the occurrence of AGI. METHODS: A total of 23 stool samples from healthy control individuals and 41 stool samples from sepsis patients were collected. Patients with sepsis were followed up for one week to observe whether AGI has occurred. Finally, 41 patients included 21 sepsis complicated with AGI (referred to as Com-AGI) and 20 sepsis without complicated with AGI (referred to as No-AGI). The gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, followed by composition analysis, difference analysis, correlation analysis, functional prediction analysis. RESULTS: The diversity and evenness of gut microbiota were decreased in patients with sepsis. Compared with No-AGI, the gut microbiota of Com-AGI has higher community diversity, richness, and phylogenetic diversity. Escherichia-Shigella, Blautia and Enterococcus may be important indicators of sepsis. The correlation analysis showed that aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Barnesiella have the most significant positive correlation. Moreover, Clostridium_innocuum_group, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Eubacterium were all significantly correlated with LAC and DAO. Clostridium_innocuum_group, Barnesiella, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Eubacterium may play important roles in the occurrence of AGI in sepsis. PICRUSt analysis revealed multiple functional pathways involved in the relationship between gut microbiota and sepsis, including starch degradation V, glycogen degradation I (bacterial), Lipoic acid metabolism and Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis. BugBase analysis showed that the gut microbiota with Aerobic phenotype may play an important role in sepsis. CONCLUSION: Dysfunction of gut microbiota was associated with sepsis and AGI in patients with sepsis.