Predictors of long-distance race performance in master runners

Peak aerobic power (V (.)O(2peak)) and parameters related to training are associated with long-distance running performance in master athletes. Running economy (RE) predicts performance in younger runners, but its relationship to racing ability in older athletes is unclear. Allometrically scaled RE (alloV (.)O(2); ml kg (−0.66) min(−1)), energy cost (EC; kcal kg(−1) km(−1)), and percent of V (.)O(2peak) (%V (.)O(2peak)) required in a submaximal bout represent RE more accurately than V (.)O(2) does. The VDOT score, estimating V (.)O(2peak) and RE, can be used to compare races of different distances. PURPOSE: To determine predictors of temperature-converted VDOT in master runners training for a long-distance race (10-26.2 mi). METHODS: Twenty-three master runners (age 57±9 years; eight females) performed treadmill marathon-intensity-effort (MIE) and V (.)O(2peak) tests within four weeks of their goal race. The MIE occurred at 88% of predicted maximum heart rate, which corresponds to estimated marathon intensity. Participants completed online training-history surveys. Forward stepwise multiple linear regression was used to find key predictors of VDOT. The alpha level for significance was .05. RESULTS: Converted VDOT was significantly associated with three-year peak weekly training distance (3YP) (r = 0.454, p = .039), V (.)O(2peak) (r = 0.845, p = .000), alloV (.)O(2) (r = 0.623, p = .005), and EC (r = −0.528, p = .018). The best-fitting model included V (.)O(2peak) and 3YP (r = 0.898). CONCLUSION: Physiological and training factors are related to race performance in master runners. The best predictors of VDOT are V (.)O(2peak) and 3YP. Training to enhance these variables may improve distance-running performance in masters.