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Airborne Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation

The use of nontherapeutic levels of antibiotics in swine production can select for antibiotic resistance in commensal and pathogenic bacteria in swine. As a result, retail pork products, as well as surface and groundwaters contaminated with swine waste, have been shown to be sources of human exposur...

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Autores principales: Chapin, Amy, Rule, Ana, Gibson, Kristen, Buckley, Timothy, Schwab, Kellogg
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2005
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1277855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15687049
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7473
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author Chapin, Amy
Rule, Ana
Gibson, Kristen
Buckley, Timothy
Schwab, Kellogg
author_facet Chapin, Amy
Rule, Ana
Gibson, Kristen
Buckley, Timothy
Schwab, Kellogg
author_sort Chapin, Amy
collection PubMed
description The use of nontherapeutic levels of antibiotics in swine production can select for antibiotic resistance in commensal and pathogenic bacteria in swine. As a result, retail pork products, as well as surface and groundwaters contaminated with swine waste, have been shown to be sources of human exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, it is unclear whether the air within swine operations also serves as a source of exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. To investigate this issue, we sampled the air within a concentrated swine feeding operation with an all-glass impinger. Samples were analyzed using a method for the isolation of Enterococcus. A total of 137 presumptive Enterococcus isolates were identified to species level using standard biochemical tests and analyzed for resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, virginiamycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin using the agar dilution method. Thirty-four percent of the isolates were confirmed as Enterococcus, 32% were identified as coagulase-negative staphylococci, and 33% were identified as viridans group streptococci. Regardless of bacterial species, 98% of the isolates expressed high-level resistance to at least two antibiotics commonly used in swine production. None of the isolates were resistant to vancomycin, an antibiotic that has never been approved for use in livestock in the United States. In conclusion, high-level multidrug-resistant Enterococcus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and viridans group streptococci were detected in the air of a concentrated swine feeding operation. These findings suggest that the inhalation of air from these facilities may serve as an exposure pathway for the transfer of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens from swine to humans.
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spelling pubmed-12778552005-11-08 Airborne Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation Chapin, Amy Rule, Ana Gibson, Kristen Buckley, Timothy Schwab, Kellogg Environ Health Perspect Research The use of nontherapeutic levels of antibiotics in swine production can select for antibiotic resistance in commensal and pathogenic bacteria in swine. As a result, retail pork products, as well as surface and groundwaters contaminated with swine waste, have been shown to be sources of human exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, it is unclear whether the air within swine operations also serves as a source of exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. To investigate this issue, we sampled the air within a concentrated swine feeding operation with an all-glass impinger. Samples were analyzed using a method for the isolation of Enterococcus. A total of 137 presumptive Enterococcus isolates were identified to species level using standard biochemical tests and analyzed for resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, virginiamycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin using the agar dilution method. Thirty-four percent of the isolates were confirmed as Enterococcus, 32% were identified as coagulase-negative staphylococci, and 33% were identified as viridans group streptococci. Regardless of bacterial species, 98% of the isolates expressed high-level resistance to at least two antibiotics commonly used in swine production. None of the isolates were resistant to vancomycin, an antibiotic that has never been approved for use in livestock in the United States. In conclusion, high-level multidrug-resistant Enterococcus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and viridans group streptococci were detected in the air of a concentrated swine feeding operation. These findings suggest that the inhalation of air from these facilities may serve as an exposure pathway for the transfer of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens from swine to humans. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2005-02 2004-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC1277855/ /pubmed/15687049 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7473 Text en http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, ?Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives?); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright.
spellingShingle Research
Chapin, Amy
Rule, Ana
Gibson, Kristen
Buckley, Timothy
Schwab, Kellogg
Airborne Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation
title Airborne Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation
title_full Airborne Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation
title_fullStr Airborne Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation
title_full_unstemmed Airborne Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation
title_short Airborne Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation
title_sort airborne multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from a concentrated swine feeding operation
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1277855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15687049
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7473
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