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Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

BACKGROUND: Despite international efforts to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection through global vaccination programs, new cases are still being reported throughout the world. METHODS: To supply data that might assist in improving preventive measures and national surveillance for HBV infection,...

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Autores principales: Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L, do Ó, Kycia MR, Ginuino, Cleber F, Silva, Jucimara C, Schatzmayr, Hermann G, Stuver, Sherri, Yoshida, Clara FT
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2002
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC140010/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12445329
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-2-26
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author Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L
do Ó, Kycia MR
Ginuino, Cleber F
Silva, Jucimara C
Schatzmayr, Hermann G
Stuver, Sherri
Yoshida, Clara FT
author_facet Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L
do Ó, Kycia MR
Ginuino, Cleber F
Silva, Jucimara C
Schatzmayr, Hermann G
Stuver, Sherri
Yoshida, Clara FT
author_sort Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Despite international efforts to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection through global vaccination programs, new cases are still being reported throughout the world. METHODS: To supply data that might assist in improving preventive measures and national surveillance for HBV infection, a cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals referred to the Brazilian National Reference Center for Viral Hepatitis (Rio de Janeiro) during a two-year period. Reported risk factors among infected subjects ("HBV-positive") were compared to those of subjects never exposed ("HBV-negative") to HBV. Two subgroups were further identified within the HBV-positive group, "acute" infection and "non-acute" infection. RESULTS: A total of 1,539 subjects were tested for HBV, of which 616 were HBV-positive (79 acute infection and 537 non-acute infection). HBV-positive subjects were more likely to be of male gender (63% versus 47%); and to report multiple sexual partners (12% versus 6%) and illicit drug use (IDU and/or intranasal cocaine use) (6% versus 3%). Among the HBV-positive subgroups, age differed significantly, with 48% being under 30 years of age in subjects acutely infected compared to 17% in those with non-acute infection. CONCLUSIONS: The association of multiple sexual partners with past HBV infection and the age distribution of currently infected subjects suggest that sexual transmission played a major role in the transmission of HBV in this study population. Thus, vaccination during adolescence should be considered.
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spelling pubmed-1400102003-01-17 Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L do Ó, Kycia MR Ginuino, Cleber F Silva, Jucimara C Schatzmayr, Hermann G Stuver, Sherri Yoshida, Clara FT BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Despite international efforts to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection through global vaccination programs, new cases are still being reported throughout the world. METHODS: To supply data that might assist in improving preventive measures and national surveillance for HBV infection, a cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals referred to the Brazilian National Reference Center for Viral Hepatitis (Rio de Janeiro) during a two-year period. Reported risk factors among infected subjects ("HBV-positive") were compared to those of subjects never exposed ("HBV-negative") to HBV. Two subgroups were further identified within the HBV-positive group, "acute" infection and "non-acute" infection. RESULTS: A total of 1,539 subjects were tested for HBV, of which 616 were HBV-positive (79 acute infection and 537 non-acute infection). HBV-positive subjects were more likely to be of male gender (63% versus 47%); and to report multiple sexual partners (12% versus 6%) and illicit drug use (IDU and/or intranasal cocaine use) (6% versus 3%). Among the HBV-positive subgroups, age differed significantly, with 48% being under 30 years of age in subjects acutely infected compared to 17% in those with non-acute infection. CONCLUSIONS: The association of multiple sexual partners with past HBV infection and the age distribution of currently infected subjects suggest that sexual transmission played a major role in the transmission of HBV in this study population. Thus, vaccination during adolescence should be considered. BioMed Central 2002-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC140010/ /pubmed/12445329 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-2-26 Text en Copyright © 2002 Lewis-Ximenez et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.
spellingShingle Research Article
Lewis-Ximenez, Lia L
do Ó, Kycia MR
Ginuino, Cleber F
Silva, Jucimara C
Schatzmayr, Hermann G
Stuver, Sherri
Yoshida, Clara FT
Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_full Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_fullStr Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_short Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_sort risk factors for hepatitis b virus infection in rio de janeiro, brazil
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC140010/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12445329
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-2-26
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