Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis from Mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya

BACKGROUND: Control of the Anopheline mosquito vectors of malaria by use of insecticides has been shown to impact on both morbidity and mortality due to this disease. Evidence of insecticide resistance in different settings necessitates surveillance studies to allow prompt detection of resistance sh...

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Autores principales: Kamau, Luna, Vulule, John M
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2006
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1501029/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16756645
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-5-46
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author Kamau, Luna
Vulule, John M
author_facet Kamau, Luna
Vulule, John M
author_sort Kamau, Luna
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Control of the Anopheline mosquito vectors of malaria by use of insecticides has been shown to impact on both morbidity and mortality due to this disease. Evidence of insecticide resistance in different settings necessitates surveillance studies to allow prompt detection of resistance should it arise and thus enable its management. Possible resistance by Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes from Mwea rice irrigation scheme in Central Kenya to insecticides in the four classes of insecticides approved by WHO for indoor residual spraying was investigated. METHODS: Susceptibility to DDT (an organochlorine), fenitrothion (an organophosphate), bendiocarb (a carbamate), lambdacyhalothrin and permethrin (both pyrethroids) was tested using standard WHO diagnostic bioassay kits. Bioassays were performed on non-blood fed mosquitoes one- to three-day old. Knockdown was recorded every 10 min and mortality 24 h post-exposure was noted. RESULTS: Mortality 24 h post-exposure was 100% for all insecticides except for lambdacyhalothrin, which averaged 99.46%. Knockdown rates at 10 min intervals were not significantly different between the Mwea population and the susceptible KISUMU strain of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto control. The KDT(50 )and KDT(95 )values for the Mwea population were either lower than those for the control or higher by factors of no more than 2 for most comparisons and compared well with those of An. gambiae sensu lato categorized as susceptible in other studies. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the Mwea population of An. arabiensis is susceptible to all the insecticides tested. This implies that vector control measures employing any of these insecticides would not be hampered by resistance.
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spelling pubmed-15010292006-07-13 Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis from Mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya Kamau, Luna Vulule, John M Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Control of the Anopheline mosquito vectors of malaria by use of insecticides has been shown to impact on both morbidity and mortality due to this disease. Evidence of insecticide resistance in different settings necessitates surveillance studies to allow prompt detection of resistance should it arise and thus enable its management. Possible resistance by Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes from Mwea rice irrigation scheme in Central Kenya to insecticides in the four classes of insecticides approved by WHO for indoor residual spraying was investigated. METHODS: Susceptibility to DDT (an organochlorine), fenitrothion (an organophosphate), bendiocarb (a carbamate), lambdacyhalothrin and permethrin (both pyrethroids) was tested using standard WHO diagnostic bioassay kits. Bioassays were performed on non-blood fed mosquitoes one- to three-day old. Knockdown was recorded every 10 min and mortality 24 h post-exposure was noted. RESULTS: Mortality 24 h post-exposure was 100% for all insecticides except for lambdacyhalothrin, which averaged 99.46%. Knockdown rates at 10 min intervals were not significantly different between the Mwea population and the susceptible KISUMU strain of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto control. The KDT(50 )and KDT(95 )values for the Mwea population were either lower than those for the control or higher by factors of no more than 2 for most comparisons and compared well with those of An. gambiae sensu lato categorized as susceptible in other studies. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the Mwea population of An. arabiensis is susceptible to all the insecticides tested. This implies that vector control measures employing any of these insecticides would not be hampered by resistance. BioMed Central 2006-06-06 /pmc/articles/PMC1501029/ /pubmed/16756645 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-5-46 Text en Copyright © 2006 Kamau and Vulule; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Kamau, Luna
Vulule, John M
Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis from Mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya
title Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis from Mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya
title_full Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis from Mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya
title_fullStr Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis from Mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis from Mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya
title_short Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis from Mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya
title_sort status of insecticide susceptibility in anopheles arabiensis from mwea rice irrigation scheme, central kenya
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1501029/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16756645
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-5-46
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