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Hormesis as a biological hypothesis.

A comprehensive effort was undertaken to identify articles demonstrating chemical hormesis. Nearly 4000 potentially relevant articles were retrieved from preliminary computer database searches by using various key word descriptors and extensive cross-referencing. A priori evaluation criteria were es...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Calabrese, E J, Baldwin, L A
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 1998
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1533282/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9539030
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author Calabrese, E J
Baldwin, L A
author_facet Calabrese, E J
Baldwin, L A
author_sort Calabrese, E J
collection PubMed
description A comprehensive effort was undertaken to identify articles demonstrating chemical hormesis. Nearly 4000 potentially relevant articles were retrieved from preliminary computer database searches by using various key word descriptors and extensive cross-referencing. A priori evaluation criteria were established including study design features (e.g., number of doses, dose range), statistical analysis, and reproducibility of results. Evidence of chemical hormesis was judged to have occurred in approximately 350 of the 4000 studies evaluated. Chemical hormesis was observed in a wide range of taxonomic groups and involved agents representing highly diverse chemical classes, many of potential environmental relevance. Numerous biological end points were assessed; growth responses were the most prevalent, followed by metabolic effects, longevity, reproductive responses, and survival. Hormetic responses were generally observed to be of limited magnitude. The average low-dose maximum stimulation was approximately 50% greater than controls. The hormetic dose-response range was generally limited to about one order of magnitude, with the upper end of the hormetic curve approaching the estimated no observable effect level for the particular end point. Based on the evaluation criteria, high to moderate evidence of hormesis was observed in studies comprised of > 6 doses; with > 3 doses in the hormetic zone. The present analysis suggests that chemical hormesis is a reproducible and relatively common biological phenomenon. A quantitative scheme is presented for future application to the database.
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spelling pubmed-15332822006-08-08 Hormesis as a biological hypothesis. Calabrese, E J Baldwin, L A Environ Health Perspect Research Article A comprehensive effort was undertaken to identify articles demonstrating chemical hormesis. Nearly 4000 potentially relevant articles were retrieved from preliminary computer database searches by using various key word descriptors and extensive cross-referencing. A priori evaluation criteria were established including study design features (e.g., number of doses, dose range), statistical analysis, and reproducibility of results. Evidence of chemical hormesis was judged to have occurred in approximately 350 of the 4000 studies evaluated. Chemical hormesis was observed in a wide range of taxonomic groups and involved agents representing highly diverse chemical classes, many of potential environmental relevance. Numerous biological end points were assessed; growth responses were the most prevalent, followed by metabolic effects, longevity, reproductive responses, and survival. Hormetic responses were generally observed to be of limited magnitude. The average low-dose maximum stimulation was approximately 50% greater than controls. The hormetic dose-response range was generally limited to about one order of magnitude, with the upper end of the hormetic curve approaching the estimated no observable effect level for the particular end point. Based on the evaluation criteria, high to moderate evidence of hormesis was observed in studies comprised of > 6 doses; with > 3 doses in the hormetic zone. The present analysis suggests that chemical hormesis is a reproducible and relatively common biological phenomenon. A quantitative scheme is presented for future application to the database. 1998-02 /pmc/articles/PMC1533282/ /pubmed/9539030 Text en
spellingShingle Research Article
Calabrese, E J
Baldwin, L A
Hormesis as a biological hypothesis.
title Hormesis as a biological hypothesis.
title_full Hormesis as a biological hypothesis.
title_fullStr Hormesis as a biological hypothesis.
title_full_unstemmed Hormesis as a biological hypothesis.
title_short Hormesis as a biological hypothesis.
title_sort hormesis as a biological hypothesis.
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1533282/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9539030
work_keys_str_mv AT calabreseej hormesisasabiologicalhypothesis
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