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Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study

BACKGROUND: Cyanazine is a common pesticide used frequently in the United States during the 1980s and 1990s. Animal and human studies have suggested that triazines may be carcinogenic, but results have been mixed. We evaluated cancer incidence in cyanazine-exposed pesticide applicators among the 57,...

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Autores principales: Lynch, Shannon M., Rusiecki, Jennifer A., Blair, Aaron, Dosemeci, Mustafa, Lubin, Jay, Sandler, Dale, Hoppin, Jane A., Lynch, Charles F., Alavanja, Michael C.R.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2006
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1552023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16882534
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8997
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author Lynch, Shannon M.
Rusiecki, Jennifer A.
Blair, Aaron
Dosemeci, Mustafa
Lubin, Jay
Sandler, Dale
Hoppin, Jane A.
Lynch, Charles F.
Alavanja, Michael C.R.
author_facet Lynch, Shannon M.
Rusiecki, Jennifer A.
Blair, Aaron
Dosemeci, Mustafa
Lubin, Jay
Sandler, Dale
Hoppin, Jane A.
Lynch, Charles F.
Alavanja, Michael C.R.
author_sort Lynch, Shannon M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cyanazine is a common pesticide used frequently in the United States during the 1980s and 1990s. Animal and human studies have suggested that triazines may be carcinogenic, but results have been mixed. We evaluated cancer incidence in cyanazine-exposed pesticide applicators among the 57,311 licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). METHODS: We obtained detailed pesticide exposure information from a self-administered questionnaire completed at enrollment (1993–1997). Cancer incidence was followed through January 2002. Over half of cyanazine-exposed applicators had ≥ 6 years of exposure at enrollment, and approximately 85% had begun using cyanazine before the 1990s. We used adjusted Poisson regression to calculate rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of multiple cancer sites among cyanazine-exposed applicators. We calculated p(trend) values, and all statistical tests were two-sided. Two exposure metrics were used: tertiles of lifetime days of exposure (LD) and intensity-weighted LD. RESULTS: A total of 20,824 cancer-free AHS applicators reported ever using cyanazine at enrollment. Cancer incidence comparisons between applicators with the lowest cyanazine exposure and those with the highest exposure yielded the following for the LD metric: all cancers, RR = 0.99 (95% CI, 0.80–1.24); prostate cancer, RR = 1.23 (95% CI, 0.87–1.70); all lymphohematopoietic cancers, RR = 0.92 (95% CI, 0.50–1.72); non-Hodgkin lymphoma, RR = 1.25 (95% CI, 0.47–3.35); lung cancer, RR = 0.52 (95% CI, 0.22–1.25). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any clear, consistent associations between cyanazine exposure and any cancer analyzed. The number of sites was small for certain cancers, limiting any conclusion with regard to ovarian, breast, and some other cancers.
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spelling pubmed-15520232006-08-29 Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study Lynch, Shannon M. Rusiecki, Jennifer A. Blair, Aaron Dosemeci, Mustafa Lubin, Jay Sandler, Dale Hoppin, Jane A. Lynch, Charles F. Alavanja, Michael C.R. Environ Health Perspect Research BACKGROUND: Cyanazine is a common pesticide used frequently in the United States during the 1980s and 1990s. Animal and human studies have suggested that triazines may be carcinogenic, but results have been mixed. We evaluated cancer incidence in cyanazine-exposed pesticide applicators among the 57,311 licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). METHODS: We obtained detailed pesticide exposure information from a self-administered questionnaire completed at enrollment (1993–1997). Cancer incidence was followed through January 2002. Over half of cyanazine-exposed applicators had ≥ 6 years of exposure at enrollment, and approximately 85% had begun using cyanazine before the 1990s. We used adjusted Poisson regression to calculate rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of multiple cancer sites among cyanazine-exposed applicators. We calculated p(trend) values, and all statistical tests were two-sided. Two exposure metrics were used: tertiles of lifetime days of exposure (LD) and intensity-weighted LD. RESULTS: A total of 20,824 cancer-free AHS applicators reported ever using cyanazine at enrollment. Cancer incidence comparisons between applicators with the lowest cyanazine exposure and those with the highest exposure yielded the following for the LD metric: all cancers, RR = 0.99 (95% CI, 0.80–1.24); prostate cancer, RR = 1.23 (95% CI, 0.87–1.70); all lymphohematopoietic cancers, RR = 0.92 (95% CI, 0.50–1.72); non-Hodgkin lymphoma, RR = 1.25 (95% CI, 0.47–3.35); lung cancer, RR = 0.52 (95% CI, 0.22–1.25). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any clear, consistent associations between cyanazine exposure and any cancer analyzed. The number of sites was small for certain cancers, limiting any conclusion with regard to ovarian, breast, and some other cancers. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2006-08 2006-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC1552023/ /pubmed/16882534 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8997 Text en http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, ?Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives?); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright.
spellingShingle Research
Lynch, Shannon M.
Rusiecki, Jennifer A.
Blair, Aaron
Dosemeci, Mustafa
Lubin, Jay
Sandler, Dale
Hoppin, Jane A.
Lynch, Charles F.
Alavanja, Michael C.R.
Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study
title Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study
title_full Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study
title_fullStr Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study
title_full_unstemmed Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study
title_short Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study
title_sort cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to cyanazine in the agricultural health study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1552023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16882534
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8997
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