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Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study
BACKGROUND: Cyanazine is a common pesticide used frequently in the United States during the 1980s and 1990s. Animal and human studies have suggested that triazines may be carcinogenic, but results have been mixed. We evaluated cancer incidence in cyanazine-exposed pesticide applicators among the 57,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
2006
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1552023/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16882534 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8997 |
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author | Lynch, Shannon M. Rusiecki, Jennifer A. Blair, Aaron Dosemeci, Mustafa Lubin, Jay Sandler, Dale Hoppin, Jane A. Lynch, Charles F. Alavanja, Michael C.R. |
author_facet | Lynch, Shannon M. Rusiecki, Jennifer A. Blair, Aaron Dosemeci, Mustafa Lubin, Jay Sandler, Dale Hoppin, Jane A. Lynch, Charles F. Alavanja, Michael C.R. |
author_sort | Lynch, Shannon M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Cyanazine is a common pesticide used frequently in the United States during the 1980s and 1990s. Animal and human studies have suggested that triazines may be carcinogenic, but results have been mixed. We evaluated cancer incidence in cyanazine-exposed pesticide applicators among the 57,311 licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). METHODS: We obtained detailed pesticide exposure information from a self-administered questionnaire completed at enrollment (1993–1997). Cancer incidence was followed through January 2002. Over half of cyanazine-exposed applicators had ≥ 6 years of exposure at enrollment, and approximately 85% had begun using cyanazine before the 1990s. We used adjusted Poisson regression to calculate rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of multiple cancer sites among cyanazine-exposed applicators. We calculated p(trend) values, and all statistical tests were two-sided. Two exposure metrics were used: tertiles of lifetime days of exposure (LD) and intensity-weighted LD. RESULTS: A total of 20,824 cancer-free AHS applicators reported ever using cyanazine at enrollment. Cancer incidence comparisons between applicators with the lowest cyanazine exposure and those with the highest exposure yielded the following for the LD metric: all cancers, RR = 0.99 (95% CI, 0.80–1.24); prostate cancer, RR = 1.23 (95% CI, 0.87–1.70); all lymphohematopoietic cancers, RR = 0.92 (95% CI, 0.50–1.72); non-Hodgkin lymphoma, RR = 1.25 (95% CI, 0.47–3.35); lung cancer, RR = 0.52 (95% CI, 0.22–1.25). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any clear, consistent associations between cyanazine exposure and any cancer analyzed. The number of sites was small for certain cancers, limiting any conclusion with regard to ovarian, breast, and some other cancers. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-1552023 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2006 |
publisher | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-15520232006-08-29 Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study Lynch, Shannon M. Rusiecki, Jennifer A. Blair, Aaron Dosemeci, Mustafa Lubin, Jay Sandler, Dale Hoppin, Jane A. Lynch, Charles F. Alavanja, Michael C.R. Environ Health Perspect Research BACKGROUND: Cyanazine is a common pesticide used frequently in the United States during the 1980s and 1990s. Animal and human studies have suggested that triazines may be carcinogenic, but results have been mixed. We evaluated cancer incidence in cyanazine-exposed pesticide applicators among the 57,311 licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). METHODS: We obtained detailed pesticide exposure information from a self-administered questionnaire completed at enrollment (1993–1997). Cancer incidence was followed through January 2002. Over half of cyanazine-exposed applicators had ≥ 6 years of exposure at enrollment, and approximately 85% had begun using cyanazine before the 1990s. We used adjusted Poisson regression to calculate rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of multiple cancer sites among cyanazine-exposed applicators. We calculated p(trend) values, and all statistical tests were two-sided. Two exposure metrics were used: tertiles of lifetime days of exposure (LD) and intensity-weighted LD. RESULTS: A total of 20,824 cancer-free AHS applicators reported ever using cyanazine at enrollment. Cancer incidence comparisons between applicators with the lowest cyanazine exposure and those with the highest exposure yielded the following for the LD metric: all cancers, RR = 0.99 (95% CI, 0.80–1.24); prostate cancer, RR = 1.23 (95% CI, 0.87–1.70); all lymphohematopoietic cancers, RR = 0.92 (95% CI, 0.50–1.72); non-Hodgkin lymphoma, RR = 1.25 (95% CI, 0.47–3.35); lung cancer, RR = 0.52 (95% CI, 0.22–1.25). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any clear, consistent associations between cyanazine exposure and any cancer analyzed. The number of sites was small for certain cancers, limiting any conclusion with regard to ovarian, breast, and some other cancers. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2006-08 2006-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC1552023/ /pubmed/16882534 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8997 Text en http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, ?Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives?); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. |
spellingShingle | Research Lynch, Shannon M. Rusiecki, Jennifer A. Blair, Aaron Dosemeci, Mustafa Lubin, Jay Sandler, Dale Hoppin, Jane A. Lynch, Charles F. Alavanja, Michael C.R. Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the Agricultural Health Study |
title | Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the
Agricultural Health Study |
title_full | Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the
Agricultural Health Study |
title_fullStr | Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the
Agricultural Health Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the
Agricultural Health Study |
title_short | Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Cyanazine in the
Agricultural Health Study |
title_sort | cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to cyanazine in the
agricultural health study |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1552023/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16882534 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8997 |
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