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Cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications.

Developing animals are more sensitive than adults to acute cholinergic toxicity from anticholinesterases, including organophosphorus pesticides, when administered in a laboratory setting. It is also possible that these agents adversely affect the process of neural development itself, leading to perm...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Brimijoin, S, Koenigsberger, C
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 1999
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1566370/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10229707
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author Brimijoin, S
Koenigsberger, C
author_facet Brimijoin, S
Koenigsberger, C
author_sort Brimijoin, S
collection PubMed
description Developing animals are more sensitive than adults to acute cholinergic toxicity from anticholinesterases, including organophosphorus pesticides, when administered in a laboratory setting. It is also possible that these agents adversely affect the process of neural development itself, leading to permanent deficits in the architecture of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Recent observations indicate that organophosphorus exposure can affect DNA synthesis and cell survival in neonatal rat brain. New evidence that acetylcholinesterase may have a direct role in neuronal differentiation provides additional grounds for interest in the developmental toxicity of anticholinesterases. For example, correlative anatomic studies show that transient bursts of acetylcholinesterase expression often coincide with periods of axonal outgrowth in maturing avian, rodent, and primate brain. Some selective cholinesterase inhibitors effectively suppress neurite outgrowth in model systems like differentiating neuroblastoma cells and explanted sensory ganglia. When enzyme expression is altered by genetic engineering, acetylcholinesterase levels on the outer surface of transfected neurons correlate with ability to extend neurites. Certain of these "morphogenic" effects may depend on protein-protein interactions rather than catalytic acetylcholinesterase activity. Nonetheless, it remains possible that some pesticides interfere with important developmental functions of the cholinesterase enzyme family.
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spelling pubmed-15663702006-09-19 Cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications. Brimijoin, S Koenigsberger, C Environ Health Perspect Research Article Developing animals are more sensitive than adults to acute cholinergic toxicity from anticholinesterases, including organophosphorus pesticides, when administered in a laboratory setting. It is also possible that these agents adversely affect the process of neural development itself, leading to permanent deficits in the architecture of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Recent observations indicate that organophosphorus exposure can affect DNA synthesis and cell survival in neonatal rat brain. New evidence that acetylcholinesterase may have a direct role in neuronal differentiation provides additional grounds for interest in the developmental toxicity of anticholinesterases. For example, correlative anatomic studies show that transient bursts of acetylcholinesterase expression often coincide with periods of axonal outgrowth in maturing avian, rodent, and primate brain. Some selective cholinesterase inhibitors effectively suppress neurite outgrowth in model systems like differentiating neuroblastoma cells and explanted sensory ganglia. When enzyme expression is altered by genetic engineering, acetylcholinesterase levels on the outer surface of transfected neurons correlate with ability to extend neurites. Certain of these "morphogenic" effects may depend on protein-protein interactions rather than catalytic acetylcholinesterase activity. Nonetheless, it remains possible that some pesticides interfere with important developmental functions of the cholinesterase enzyme family. 1999-02 /pmc/articles/PMC1566370/ /pubmed/10229707 Text en
spellingShingle Research Article
Brimijoin, S
Koenigsberger, C
Cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications.
title Cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications.
title_full Cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications.
title_fullStr Cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications.
title_full_unstemmed Cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications.
title_short Cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications.
title_sort cholinesterases in neural development: new findings and toxicologic implications.
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1566370/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10229707
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