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Bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate.

The ciliated protozoan, Paramecium, can be used to quantitate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ingested complex environmental particles. Cytotoxicity is quantitated by the increased proportion of treated versus control cells which do not retain their capacity for normal cell replication. Genotoxic...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Smith-Sonneborn, J, Palizzi, R A, McCann, E A, Fisher, G L
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 1983
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1569274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6641654
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author Smith-Sonneborn, J
Palizzi, R A
McCann, E A
Fisher, G L
author_facet Smith-Sonneborn, J
Palizzi, R A
McCann, E A
Fisher, G L
author_sort Smith-Sonneborn, J
collection PubMed
description The ciliated protozoan, Paramecium, can be used to quantitate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ingested complex environmental particles. Cytotoxicity is quantitated by the increased proportion of treated versus control cells which do not retain their capacity for normal cell replication. Genotoxic effects are assessed by the increased fraction of nonviable offspring from treated versus control parent cells after the self-fertilization process of autogamy. Since these cells ingest nonnutrient respirable-sized particles, biological activity of intracellular extraction of dusts and fly ash can be compared before and after extraction with polar and nonpolar solvents. Previous studies indicated that coal fly ash was mutagenic in these eukaryotic cells. Mutagenicity of coal fly ash was not detectable after extraction with a concentration of HCl known to remove nonmatrix trace elements. These results suggested that this ciliate bioassay might be a detector of mineral mutagens. Fine particles of the carcinogenic nickel compounds, alpha-nickel subsulfide, and beta-nickel sulfide were compared for their biological activity in this bioassay. Both nickel compounds were ingested by the ciliates and induced heritable damage in the progeny of the treated parent cells.
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spelling pubmed-15692742006-09-18 Bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate. Smith-Sonneborn, J Palizzi, R A McCann, E A Fisher, G L Environ Health Perspect Research Article The ciliated protozoan, Paramecium, can be used to quantitate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ingested complex environmental particles. Cytotoxicity is quantitated by the increased proportion of treated versus control cells which do not retain their capacity for normal cell replication. Genotoxic effects are assessed by the increased fraction of nonviable offspring from treated versus control parent cells after the self-fertilization process of autogamy. Since these cells ingest nonnutrient respirable-sized particles, biological activity of intracellular extraction of dusts and fly ash can be compared before and after extraction with polar and nonpolar solvents. Previous studies indicated that coal fly ash was mutagenic in these eukaryotic cells. Mutagenicity of coal fly ash was not detectable after extraction with a concentration of HCl known to remove nonmatrix trace elements. These results suggested that this ciliate bioassay might be a detector of mineral mutagens. Fine particles of the carcinogenic nickel compounds, alpha-nickel subsulfide, and beta-nickel sulfide were compared for their biological activity in this bioassay. Both nickel compounds were ingested by the ciliates and induced heritable damage in the progeny of the treated parent cells. 1983-09 /pmc/articles/PMC1569274/ /pubmed/6641654 Text en
spellingShingle Research Article
Smith-Sonneborn, J
Palizzi, R A
McCann, E A
Fisher, G L
Bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate.
title Bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate.
title_full Bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate.
title_fullStr Bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate.
title_full_unstemmed Bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate.
title_short Bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate.
title_sort bioassay of genotoxic effects of environmental particles in a feeding ciliate.
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1569274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6641654
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