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Effect of Physical Inactivity on the Oxidation of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Results of a Randomized Trial

OBJECTIVES: Changes in the way dietary fat is metabolized can be considered causative in obesity. The role of sedentary behavior in this defect has not been determined. We hypothesized that physical inactivity partitions dietary fats toward storage and that a resistance exercise training program mit...

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Autores principales: Bergouignan, Audrey, Schoeller, Dale A, Normand, Sylvie, Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette, Laville, Martine, Shriver, Timothy, Desage, Michel, Maho, Yvon Le, Ohshima, Hiroshi, Gharib, Claude, Blanc, Stéphane
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2006
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1584255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17016547
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pctr.0010027
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author Bergouignan, Audrey
Schoeller, Dale A
Normand, Sylvie
Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette
Laville, Martine
Shriver, Timothy
Desage, Michel
Maho, Yvon Le
Ohshima, Hiroshi
Gharib, Claude
Blanc, Stéphane
author_facet Bergouignan, Audrey
Schoeller, Dale A
Normand, Sylvie
Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette
Laville, Martine
Shriver, Timothy
Desage, Michel
Maho, Yvon Le
Ohshima, Hiroshi
Gharib, Claude
Blanc, Stéphane
author_sort Bergouignan, Audrey
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Changes in the way dietary fat is metabolized can be considered causative in obesity. The role of sedentary behavior in this defect has not been determined. We hypothesized that physical inactivity partitions dietary fats toward storage and that a resistance exercise training program mitigates storage. DESIGN: We used bed rest, with randomization to resistance training, as a model of physical inactivity. SETTING: The trial took place at the Space Clinic (Toulouse, France). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 18 healthy male volunteers, of mean age ± standard deviation 32.6 ± 4.0 y and body mass index 23.6 ± 0.7 kg/m(2), were enrolled. INTERVENTIONS: An initial 15 d of baseline data collection were followed by 3 mo of strict bed-rest alone (control group, n = 9) or with the addition of supine resistance exercise training every 3 d (exercise group, n = 9). OUTCOME MEASURES: Oxidation of labeled [d(31)]palmitate (the main saturated fatty acid of human diet) and [1-(13)C]oleate (the main monounsaturated fatty acid), body composition, net substrate use, and plasma hormones and metabolites were measured. RESULTS: Between-group comparisons showed that exercise training did not affect oxidation of both oleate (mean difference 5.6%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], −3.3% to 14.5%; p = 0.20) and palmitate (mean difference −0.2%; 95% CI, −4.1% to 3.6%; p = 0.89). Within-group comparisons, however, showed that inactivity changed oxidation of palmitate in the control group by −11.0% (95% CI, −19.0% to −2.9%; p = 0.01) and in the exercise group by −11.3% (95% CI, −18.4% to −4.2%; p = 0.008). In contrast, bed rest did not significantly affect oleate oxidation within groups. In the control group, the mean difference in oleate oxidation was 3.2% (95% CI, −4.2% to 10.5%; p = 0.34) and 6.8% (95% CI, −1.2% to 14.7%; p = 0.08) in the exercise group. CONCLUSIONS: Independent of changes in energy balance (intake and/or output), physical inactivity decreased the oxidation of saturated but not monounsaturated dietary fat. The effect is apparently not compensated by resistance exercise training. These results suggest that Mediterranean diets should be recommended in sedentary subjects and recumbent patients.
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spelling pubmed-15842552007-04-12 Effect of Physical Inactivity on the Oxidation of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Results of a Randomized Trial Bergouignan, Audrey Schoeller, Dale A Normand, Sylvie Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette Laville, Martine Shriver, Timothy Desage, Michel Maho, Yvon Le Ohshima, Hiroshi Gharib, Claude Blanc, Stéphane PLoS Clin Trials Research Article OBJECTIVES: Changes in the way dietary fat is metabolized can be considered causative in obesity. The role of sedentary behavior in this defect has not been determined. We hypothesized that physical inactivity partitions dietary fats toward storage and that a resistance exercise training program mitigates storage. DESIGN: We used bed rest, with randomization to resistance training, as a model of physical inactivity. SETTING: The trial took place at the Space Clinic (Toulouse, France). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 18 healthy male volunteers, of mean age ± standard deviation 32.6 ± 4.0 y and body mass index 23.6 ± 0.7 kg/m(2), were enrolled. INTERVENTIONS: An initial 15 d of baseline data collection were followed by 3 mo of strict bed-rest alone (control group, n = 9) or with the addition of supine resistance exercise training every 3 d (exercise group, n = 9). OUTCOME MEASURES: Oxidation of labeled [d(31)]palmitate (the main saturated fatty acid of human diet) and [1-(13)C]oleate (the main monounsaturated fatty acid), body composition, net substrate use, and plasma hormones and metabolites were measured. RESULTS: Between-group comparisons showed that exercise training did not affect oxidation of both oleate (mean difference 5.6%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], −3.3% to 14.5%; p = 0.20) and palmitate (mean difference −0.2%; 95% CI, −4.1% to 3.6%; p = 0.89). Within-group comparisons, however, showed that inactivity changed oxidation of palmitate in the control group by −11.0% (95% CI, −19.0% to −2.9%; p = 0.01) and in the exercise group by −11.3% (95% CI, −18.4% to −4.2%; p = 0.008). In contrast, bed rest did not significantly affect oleate oxidation within groups. In the control group, the mean difference in oleate oxidation was 3.2% (95% CI, −4.2% to 10.5%; p = 0.34) and 6.8% (95% CI, −1.2% to 14.7%; p = 0.08) in the exercise group. CONCLUSIONS: Independent of changes in energy balance (intake and/or output), physical inactivity decreased the oxidation of saturated but not monounsaturated dietary fat. The effect is apparently not compensated by resistance exercise training. These results suggest that Mediterranean diets should be recommended in sedentary subjects and recumbent patients. Public Library of Science 2006-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC1584255/ /pubmed/17016547 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pctr.0010027 Text en © 2006 Bergouignan et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Bergouignan, Audrey
Schoeller, Dale A
Normand, Sylvie
Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette
Laville, Martine
Shriver, Timothy
Desage, Michel
Maho, Yvon Le
Ohshima, Hiroshi
Gharib, Claude
Blanc, Stéphane
Effect of Physical Inactivity on the Oxidation of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Results of a Randomized Trial
title Effect of Physical Inactivity on the Oxidation of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Results of a Randomized Trial
title_full Effect of Physical Inactivity on the Oxidation of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Results of a Randomized Trial
title_fullStr Effect of Physical Inactivity on the Oxidation of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Results of a Randomized Trial
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Physical Inactivity on the Oxidation of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Results of a Randomized Trial
title_short Effect of Physical Inactivity on the Oxidation of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Results of a Randomized Trial
title_sort effect of physical inactivity on the oxidation of saturated and monounsaturated dietary fatty acids: results of a randomized trial
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1584255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17016547
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pctr.0010027
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