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Differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells

BACKGROUND: We have previously noted that there were differences in somatic and male germ cell polyadenylation site choices. First, male germ cells showed a lower incidence of the sequence AAUAAA (an important element for somatic polyadenylation site choice) near the polyadenylation site choice. Sec...

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Autores principales: McMahon, K Wyatt, Hirsch, Benjamin A, MacDonald, Clinton C
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2006
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17038175
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2199-7-35
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author McMahon, K Wyatt
Hirsch, Benjamin A
MacDonald, Clinton C
author_facet McMahon, K Wyatt
Hirsch, Benjamin A
MacDonald, Clinton C
author_sort McMahon, K Wyatt
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: We have previously noted that there were differences in somatic and male germ cell polyadenylation site choices. First, male germ cells showed a lower incidence of the sequence AAUAAA (an important element for somatic polyadenylation site choice) near the polyadenylation site choice. Second, the polyadenylation sites chosen in male germ cells tended to be nearer the 5' end of the mRNA than those chosen in somatic cells. Finally, a number of mRNAs used a different polyadenylation site in male germ cells than in somatic cells. These differences suggested that male germ cell-specific polyadenylation sites may be poor substrates for polyadenylation in somatic cells. We therefore hypothesized that male germ cell-specific polyadenylation sites would be inefficiently used in somatic cells. RESULTS: We tested whether pre-mRNA sequences surrounding male germ cell-specific polyadenylation sites (polyadenylation cassettes) could be used to direct polyadenylation efficiently in somatic cells. To do this, we developed a luciferase reporter system in which luciferase activity correlated with polyadenylation efficiency. We showed that in somatic cells, somatic polyadenylation cassettes were efficiently polyadenylated, while male germ cell-specific polyadenylation cassettes were not. We also developed a sensitive, 3' RACE-based assay to analyze polyadenylation site choice. Using this assay, we demonstrated that male germ cell-specific polyadenylation cassettes were not polyadenylated at the expected site in somatic cells, but rather at aberrant sites upstream of the sites used in male germ cells. Finally, mutation of the male germ cell-specific poly(A) signal to a somatic poly(A) signal resulted in more efficient polyadenylation in somatic cells. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that regulated polyadenylation site choice of male germ cell-specific polyadenylation sites requires one or more factors that are absent from somatic cells.
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spelling pubmed-16188502006-10-21 Differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells McMahon, K Wyatt Hirsch, Benjamin A MacDonald, Clinton C BMC Mol Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: We have previously noted that there were differences in somatic and male germ cell polyadenylation site choices. First, male germ cells showed a lower incidence of the sequence AAUAAA (an important element for somatic polyadenylation site choice) near the polyadenylation site choice. Second, the polyadenylation sites chosen in male germ cells tended to be nearer the 5' end of the mRNA than those chosen in somatic cells. Finally, a number of mRNAs used a different polyadenylation site in male germ cells than in somatic cells. These differences suggested that male germ cell-specific polyadenylation sites may be poor substrates for polyadenylation in somatic cells. We therefore hypothesized that male germ cell-specific polyadenylation sites would be inefficiently used in somatic cells. RESULTS: We tested whether pre-mRNA sequences surrounding male germ cell-specific polyadenylation sites (polyadenylation cassettes) could be used to direct polyadenylation efficiently in somatic cells. To do this, we developed a luciferase reporter system in which luciferase activity correlated with polyadenylation efficiency. We showed that in somatic cells, somatic polyadenylation cassettes were efficiently polyadenylated, while male germ cell-specific polyadenylation cassettes were not. We also developed a sensitive, 3' RACE-based assay to analyze polyadenylation site choice. Using this assay, we demonstrated that male germ cell-specific polyadenylation cassettes were not polyadenylated at the expected site in somatic cells, but rather at aberrant sites upstream of the sites used in male germ cells. Finally, mutation of the male germ cell-specific poly(A) signal to a somatic poly(A) signal resulted in more efficient polyadenylation in somatic cells. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that regulated polyadenylation site choice of male germ cell-specific polyadenylation sites requires one or more factors that are absent from somatic cells. BioMed Central 2006-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC1618850/ /pubmed/17038175 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2199-7-35 Text en Copyright © 2006 McMahon et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
McMahon, K Wyatt
Hirsch, Benjamin A
MacDonald, Clinton C
Differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells
title Differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells
title_full Differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells
title_fullStr Differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells
title_full_unstemmed Differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells
title_short Differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells
title_sort differences in polyadenylation site choice between somatic and male germ cells
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17038175
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2199-7-35
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