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Estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability?

Epidemiologic studies of the link between particulate matter (PM) concentrations and mortality rates have yielded a range of estimates, leading to disagreement about the magnitude of the relationship and the strength of the causal connection. Previous meta-analyses of this literature have provided p...

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Autores principales: Levy, J I, Hammitt, J K, Spengler, J D
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2000
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637882/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10656850
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author Levy, J I
Hammitt, J K
Spengler, J D
author_facet Levy, J I
Hammitt, J K
Spengler, J D
author_sort Levy, J I
collection PubMed
description Epidemiologic studies of the link between particulate matter (PM) concentrations and mortality rates have yielded a range of estimates, leading to disagreement about the magnitude of the relationship and the strength of the causal connection. Previous meta-analyses of this literature have provided pooled effect estimates, but have not addressed between-study variability that may be associated with analytical models, pollution patterns, and exposed populations. To determine whether study-specific factors can explain some of the variability in the time-series studies on mortality from particulate matter [less than/equal to] 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)), we applied an empirical Bayes meta-analysis. We estimate that mortality rates increase on average by 0.7% per 10 microg/m(3) increase in PM(10) concentrations, with greater effects at sites with higher ratios of particulate matter [less than/equal to] 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5))/PM(10). This finding did not change with the inclusion of a number of potential confounders and effect modifiers, although there is some evidence that PM effects are influenced by climate, housing characteristics, demographics, and the presence of sulfur dioxide and ozone. Although further analysis would be needed to determine which factors causally influence the relationship between PM(10) and mortality, these findings can help guide future epidemiologic investigations and policy decisions.
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spelling pubmed-16378822006-11-17 Estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability? Levy, J I Hammitt, J K Spengler, J D Environ Health Perspect Research Article Epidemiologic studies of the link between particulate matter (PM) concentrations and mortality rates have yielded a range of estimates, leading to disagreement about the magnitude of the relationship and the strength of the causal connection. Previous meta-analyses of this literature have provided pooled effect estimates, but have not addressed between-study variability that may be associated with analytical models, pollution patterns, and exposed populations. To determine whether study-specific factors can explain some of the variability in the time-series studies on mortality from particulate matter [less than/equal to] 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)), we applied an empirical Bayes meta-analysis. We estimate that mortality rates increase on average by 0.7% per 10 microg/m(3) increase in PM(10) concentrations, with greater effects at sites with higher ratios of particulate matter [less than/equal to] 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5))/PM(10). This finding did not change with the inclusion of a number of potential confounders and effect modifiers, although there is some evidence that PM effects are influenced by climate, housing characteristics, demographics, and the presence of sulfur dioxide and ozone. Although further analysis would be needed to determine which factors causally influence the relationship between PM(10) and mortality, these findings can help guide future epidemiologic investigations and policy decisions. 2000-02 /pmc/articles/PMC1637882/ /pubmed/10656850 Text en
spellingShingle Research Article
Levy, J I
Hammitt, J K
Spengler, J D
Estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability?
title Estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability?
title_full Estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability?
title_fullStr Estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability?
title_full_unstemmed Estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability?
title_short Estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability?
title_sort estimating the mortality impacts of particulate matter: what can be learned from between-study variability?
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1637882/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10656850
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