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Daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep
BACKGROUND: In domestic animals many biochemical and physiological processes exhibit daily rhythmicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the rhythmic pattern of salivary and serum urea concentrations in sheep. METHODS: Six 3-year-old female sheep kept in the same environmental conditi...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2006
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1664584/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17123442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1740-3391-4-16 |
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author | Piccione, Giuseppe Foà, Augusto Bertolucci, Cristiano Caola, Giovanni |
author_facet | Piccione, Giuseppe Foà, Augusto Bertolucci, Cristiano Caola, Giovanni |
author_sort | Piccione, Giuseppe |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: In domestic animals many biochemical and physiological processes exhibit daily rhythmicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the rhythmic pattern of salivary and serum urea concentrations in sheep. METHODS: Six 3-year-old female sheep kept in the same environmental conditions were used. Sheep were sampled at 4 hour intervals for 48 consecutive hours starting at 08:00 of the first day and finishing at 04:00 of the second day. Blood samples were collected via intravenous cannulae inserted into the jugular vein; saliva samples were collected through a specific tube, the "Salivette". Salivary and serum urea concentrations were assayed by means of UV spectrophotometer. ANOVA was used to determine significant differences. The single Cosinor procedure was applied to the results showing significant differences over time. RESULTS: ANOVA showed a significant effect of time on salivary and serum urea concentrations. Serum and salivary urea peaked during the light phase. In the dark phase serum and salivary urea concentrations decreased, and the diurnal trough occurred at midnight. Cosinor analysis showed diurnal acrophases for salivary and serum urea concentrations. Daily mean levels were significantly higher in the serum than in the saliva. CONCLUSION: In sheep both salivary and serum urea concentrations showed daily fluctuations. Urea is synthesized in the liver and its production is strongly influenced by food intake. Future investigation should clarify whether daily urea rhythms in sheep are endogenous or are simply the result of the temporal administration of food. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-1664584 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2006 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-16645842006-11-29 Daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep Piccione, Giuseppe Foà, Augusto Bertolucci, Cristiano Caola, Giovanni J Circadian Rhythms Short Paper BACKGROUND: In domestic animals many biochemical and physiological processes exhibit daily rhythmicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the rhythmic pattern of salivary and serum urea concentrations in sheep. METHODS: Six 3-year-old female sheep kept in the same environmental conditions were used. Sheep were sampled at 4 hour intervals for 48 consecutive hours starting at 08:00 of the first day and finishing at 04:00 of the second day. Blood samples were collected via intravenous cannulae inserted into the jugular vein; saliva samples were collected through a specific tube, the "Salivette". Salivary and serum urea concentrations were assayed by means of UV spectrophotometer. ANOVA was used to determine significant differences. The single Cosinor procedure was applied to the results showing significant differences over time. RESULTS: ANOVA showed a significant effect of time on salivary and serum urea concentrations. Serum and salivary urea peaked during the light phase. In the dark phase serum and salivary urea concentrations decreased, and the diurnal trough occurred at midnight. Cosinor analysis showed diurnal acrophases for salivary and serum urea concentrations. Daily mean levels were significantly higher in the serum than in the saliva. CONCLUSION: In sheep both salivary and serum urea concentrations showed daily fluctuations. Urea is synthesized in the liver and its production is strongly influenced by food intake. Future investigation should clarify whether daily urea rhythms in sheep are endogenous or are simply the result of the temporal administration of food. BioMed Central 2006-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC1664584/ /pubmed/17123442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1740-3391-4-16 Text en Copyright © 2006 Piccione et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Short Paper Piccione, Giuseppe Foà, Augusto Bertolucci, Cristiano Caola, Giovanni Daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep |
title | Daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep |
title_full | Daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep |
title_fullStr | Daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep |
title_full_unstemmed | Daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep |
title_short | Daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep |
title_sort | daily rhythm of salivary and serum urea concentration in sheep |
topic | Short Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1664584/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17123442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1740-3391-4-16 |
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