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Unraveling the Genetics of Human Obesity
The use of modern molecular biology tools in deciphering the perturbed biochemistry and physiology underlying the obese state has proven invaluable. Identifying the hypothalamic leptin/melanocortin pathway as critical in many cases of monogenic obesity has permitted targeted, hypothesis-driven exper...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2006
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1756898/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17196040 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020188 |
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author | Mutch, David M Clément, Karine |
author_facet | Mutch, David M Clément, Karine |
author_sort | Mutch, David M |
collection | PubMed |
description | The use of modern molecular biology tools in deciphering the perturbed biochemistry and physiology underlying the obese state has proven invaluable. Identifying the hypothalamic leptin/melanocortin pathway as critical in many cases of monogenic obesity has permitted targeted, hypothesis-driven experiments to be performed, and has implicated new candidates as causative for previously uncharacterized clinical cases of obesity. Meanwhile, the effects of mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor gene, for which the obese phenotype varies in the degree of severity among individuals, are now thought to be influenced by one's environmental surroundings. Molecular approaches have revealed that syndromes (Prader-Willi and Bardet-Biedl) previously assumed to be controlled by a single gene are, conversely, regulated by multiple elements. Finally, the application of comprehensive profiling technologies coupled with creative statistical analyses has revealed that interactions between genetic and environmental factors are responsible for the common obesity currently challenging many Westernized societies. As such, an improved understanding of the different “types” of obesity not only permits the development of potential therapies, but also proposes novel and often unexpected directions in deciphering the dysfunctional state of obesity. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-1756898 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2006 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-17568982007-01-05 Unraveling the Genetics of Human Obesity Mutch, David M Clément, Karine PLoS Genet Review The use of modern molecular biology tools in deciphering the perturbed biochemistry and physiology underlying the obese state has proven invaluable. Identifying the hypothalamic leptin/melanocortin pathway as critical in many cases of monogenic obesity has permitted targeted, hypothesis-driven experiments to be performed, and has implicated new candidates as causative for previously uncharacterized clinical cases of obesity. Meanwhile, the effects of mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor gene, for which the obese phenotype varies in the degree of severity among individuals, are now thought to be influenced by one's environmental surroundings. Molecular approaches have revealed that syndromes (Prader-Willi and Bardet-Biedl) previously assumed to be controlled by a single gene are, conversely, regulated by multiple elements. Finally, the application of comprehensive profiling technologies coupled with creative statistical analyses has revealed that interactions between genetic and environmental factors are responsible for the common obesity currently challenging many Westernized societies. As such, an improved understanding of the different “types” of obesity not only permits the development of potential therapies, but also proposes novel and often unexpected directions in deciphering the dysfunctional state of obesity. Public Library of Science 2006-12 2006-12-29 /pmc/articles/PMC1756898/ /pubmed/17196040 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020188 Text en © 2006 Mutch and Clément. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Review Mutch, David M Clément, Karine Unraveling the Genetics of Human Obesity |
title | Unraveling the Genetics of Human Obesity |
title_full | Unraveling the Genetics of Human Obesity |
title_fullStr | Unraveling the Genetics of Human Obesity |
title_full_unstemmed | Unraveling the Genetics of Human Obesity |
title_short | Unraveling the Genetics of Human Obesity |
title_sort | unraveling the genetics of human obesity |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1756898/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17196040 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020188 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mutchdavidm unravelingthegeneticsofhumanobesity AT clementkarine unravelingthegeneticsofhumanobesity |