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Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides
BACKGROUND: Plants containing compounds such as the isoflavonoids, with female hormone-like effects that bind to human estrogen receptors, are known. But none has been previously shown to have corresponding male hormone-like effects that interact with the human androgen receptor. Here, we report tha...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2007
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1797194/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17261169 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-7-3 |
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author | Ong, Victor YC Tan, Benny KH |
author_facet | Ong, Victor YC Tan, Benny KH |
author_sort | Ong, Victor YC |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Plants containing compounds such as the isoflavonoids, with female hormone-like effects that bind to human estrogen receptors, are known. But none has been previously shown to have corresponding male hormone-like effects that interact with the human androgen receptor. Here, we report that the tree bark (cortex) of the Gutta-Percha tree Eucommia ulmoides possesses bimodal phytoandrogenic and hormone potentiating effects by lipidic components. METHODS: The extracts of E. ulmoides were tested using in-vitro reporter gene bioassays and in-vivo animal studies. Key compounds responsible for the steroidogenic effects were isolated and identified using solid phase extraction (SPE), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), electron spray ionisation-mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). RESULTS: The following bioactivities of E. ulmoides were found: (1) a phenomenal tripartite synergism exists between the sex steroid receptors (androgen and estrogen receptors), their cognate steroidal ligands and lipidic augmenters isolated from E. ulmoides, (2) phytoandrogenic activity of E. ulmoides was mediated by plant triterpenoids binding cognately to the androgen receptor (AR) ligand binding domain. CONCLUSION: In addition to well-known phytoestrogens, the existence of phytoandrogens is reported in this study. Furthermore, a form of tripartite synergism between sex steroid receptors, sex hormones and plant-derived lipids is described for the first time. This could have contrasting clinical applications for hypogonadal- and hyperlipidaemic-related disorders. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-1797194 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2007 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-17971942007-02-14 Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides Ong, Victor YC Tan, Benny KH BMC Complement Altern Med Research Article BACKGROUND: Plants containing compounds such as the isoflavonoids, with female hormone-like effects that bind to human estrogen receptors, are known. But none has been previously shown to have corresponding male hormone-like effects that interact with the human androgen receptor. Here, we report that the tree bark (cortex) of the Gutta-Percha tree Eucommia ulmoides possesses bimodal phytoandrogenic and hormone potentiating effects by lipidic components. METHODS: The extracts of E. ulmoides were tested using in-vitro reporter gene bioassays and in-vivo animal studies. Key compounds responsible for the steroidogenic effects were isolated and identified using solid phase extraction (SPE), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), electron spray ionisation-mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). RESULTS: The following bioactivities of E. ulmoides were found: (1) a phenomenal tripartite synergism exists between the sex steroid receptors (androgen and estrogen receptors), their cognate steroidal ligands and lipidic augmenters isolated from E. ulmoides, (2) phytoandrogenic activity of E. ulmoides was mediated by plant triterpenoids binding cognately to the androgen receptor (AR) ligand binding domain. CONCLUSION: In addition to well-known phytoestrogens, the existence of phytoandrogens is reported in this study. Furthermore, a form of tripartite synergism between sex steroid receptors, sex hormones and plant-derived lipids is described for the first time. This could have contrasting clinical applications for hypogonadal- and hyperlipidaemic-related disorders. BioMed Central 2007-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC1797194/ /pubmed/17261169 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-7-3 Text en Copyright © 2007 Ong and Tan; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Ong, Victor YC Tan, Benny KH Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides |
title | Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides |
title_full | Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides |
title_fullStr | Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides |
title_full_unstemmed | Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides |
title_short | Novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from Eucommia ulmoides |
title_sort | novel phytoandrogens and lipidic augmenters from eucommia ulmoides |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1797194/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17261169 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-7-3 |
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