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Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle

Human aging is associated with skeletal muscle atrophy and functional impairment (sarcopenia). Multiple lines of evidence suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is a major contributor to sarcopenia. We evaluated whether healthy aging was associated with a transcriptional profile reflecting mitochond...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Melov, Simon, Tarnopolsky, Mark A., Beckman, Kenneth, Felkey, Krysta, Hubbard, Alan
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1866181/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17520024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000465
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author Melov, Simon
Tarnopolsky, Mark A.
Beckman, Kenneth
Felkey, Krysta
Hubbard, Alan
author_facet Melov, Simon
Tarnopolsky, Mark A.
Beckman, Kenneth
Felkey, Krysta
Hubbard, Alan
author_sort Melov, Simon
collection PubMed
description Human aging is associated with skeletal muscle atrophy and functional impairment (sarcopenia). Multiple lines of evidence suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is a major contributor to sarcopenia. We evaluated whether healthy aging was associated with a transcriptional profile reflecting mitochondrial impairment and whether resistance exercise could reverse this signature to that approximating a younger physiological age. Skeletal muscle biopsies from healthy older (N = 25) and younger (N = 26) adult men and women were compared using gene expression profiling, and a subset of these were related to measurements of muscle strength. 14 of the older adults had muscle samples taken before and after a six-month resistance exercise-training program. Before exercise training, older adults were 59% weaker than younger, but after six months of training in older adults, strength improved significantly (P<0.001) such that they were only 38% lower than young adults. As a consequence of age, we found 596 genes differentially expressed using a false discovery rate cut-off of 5%. Prior to the exercise training, the transcriptome profile showed a dramatic enrichment of genes associated with mitochondrial function with age. However, following exercise training the transcriptional signature of aging was markedly reversed back to that of younger levels for most genes that were affected by both age and exercise. We conclude that healthy older adults show evidence of mitochondrial impairment and muscle weakness, but that this can be partially reversed at the phenotypic level, and substantially reversed at the transcriptome level, following six months of resistance exercise training.
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spelling pubmed-18661812007-05-23 Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle Melov, Simon Tarnopolsky, Mark A. Beckman, Kenneth Felkey, Krysta Hubbard, Alan PLoS One Research Article Human aging is associated with skeletal muscle atrophy and functional impairment (sarcopenia). Multiple lines of evidence suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is a major contributor to sarcopenia. We evaluated whether healthy aging was associated with a transcriptional profile reflecting mitochondrial impairment and whether resistance exercise could reverse this signature to that approximating a younger physiological age. Skeletal muscle biopsies from healthy older (N = 25) and younger (N = 26) adult men and women were compared using gene expression profiling, and a subset of these were related to measurements of muscle strength. 14 of the older adults had muscle samples taken before and after a six-month resistance exercise-training program. Before exercise training, older adults were 59% weaker than younger, but after six months of training in older adults, strength improved significantly (P<0.001) such that they were only 38% lower than young adults. As a consequence of age, we found 596 genes differentially expressed using a false discovery rate cut-off of 5%. Prior to the exercise training, the transcriptome profile showed a dramatic enrichment of genes associated with mitochondrial function with age. However, following exercise training the transcriptional signature of aging was markedly reversed back to that of younger levels for most genes that were affected by both age and exercise. We conclude that healthy older adults show evidence of mitochondrial impairment and muscle weakness, but that this can be partially reversed at the phenotypic level, and substantially reversed at the transcriptome level, following six months of resistance exercise training. Public Library of Science 2007-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC1866181/ /pubmed/17520024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000465 Text en Melov et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Melov, Simon
Tarnopolsky, Mark A.
Beckman, Kenneth
Felkey, Krysta
Hubbard, Alan
Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle
title Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle
title_full Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle
title_fullStr Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle
title_full_unstemmed Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle
title_short Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle
title_sort resistance exercise reverses aging in human skeletal muscle
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1866181/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17520024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000465
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