Cargando…
The SHEDS-Wood Model: Incorporation of Observational Data to Estimate Exposure to Arsenic for Children Playing on CCA-Treated Wood Structures
BACKGROUND: Lumber treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) compounds has been used in residential outdoor wood structures and public playgrounds. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has conducted a probabilistic assessment of children’s exposure to arsenic using the Stochastic Human...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
2007
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1867987/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17520068 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9741 |
_version_ | 1782133362616434688 |
---|---|
author | Barraj, Leila M. Tsuji, Joyce S. Scrafford, Carolyn G. |
author_facet | Barraj, Leila M. Tsuji, Joyce S. Scrafford, Carolyn G. |
author_sort | Barraj, Leila M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Lumber treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) compounds has been used in residential outdoor wood structures and public playgrounds. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has conducted a probabilistic assessment of children’s exposure to arsenic using the Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation model for the wood preservative scenario (SHEDS-Wood). The assessment relied on data derived from an experimental study conducted using adult volunteers and designed to result in maximum hand and wipe loadings to estimate the residue–skin transfer efficiency. Recent analyses of arsenic hand-loading data generated by studies of children actively involved in playing on CCA-treated structures indicate that the transfer efficiency coefficient and hand-loading estimates derived from the experimental study significantly overestimate the amount that occurs during actual play. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to assess the feasibility of using child hand-loading data in the SHEDS-Wood model and their impact on exposure estimates. METHODS: We used data generated by the larger of the studies of children in SHEDS-Wood, instead of the distributions used by U.S. EPA. We compared our estimates of the lifetime average daily dose (LADD) and average daily dose (ADD) with those derived by the U.S. EPA. RESULTS: Our analysis indicates that data from observational studies of children can be used in SHEDS-Wood. Our estimates of the mean (and 95th percentile) LADD and ADD were 27% (10%) and 29% (15%) of the estimates derived by U.S. EPA. CONCLUSION: We recommend that the SHEDS-Woods model use data from studies of children actively playing on playsets to more accurately estimate children’s actual exposures to CCA. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-1867987 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2007 |
publisher | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-18679872007-06-07 The SHEDS-Wood Model: Incorporation of Observational Data to Estimate Exposure to Arsenic for Children Playing on CCA-Treated Wood Structures Barraj, Leila M. Tsuji, Joyce S. Scrafford, Carolyn G. Environ Health Perspect Research BACKGROUND: Lumber treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) compounds has been used in residential outdoor wood structures and public playgrounds. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has conducted a probabilistic assessment of children’s exposure to arsenic using the Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation model for the wood preservative scenario (SHEDS-Wood). The assessment relied on data derived from an experimental study conducted using adult volunteers and designed to result in maximum hand and wipe loadings to estimate the residue–skin transfer efficiency. Recent analyses of arsenic hand-loading data generated by studies of children actively involved in playing on CCA-treated structures indicate that the transfer efficiency coefficient and hand-loading estimates derived from the experimental study significantly overestimate the amount that occurs during actual play. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to assess the feasibility of using child hand-loading data in the SHEDS-Wood model and their impact on exposure estimates. METHODS: We used data generated by the larger of the studies of children in SHEDS-Wood, instead of the distributions used by U.S. EPA. We compared our estimates of the lifetime average daily dose (LADD) and average daily dose (ADD) with those derived by the U.S. EPA. RESULTS: Our analysis indicates that data from observational studies of children can be used in SHEDS-Wood. Our estimates of the mean (and 95th percentile) LADD and ADD were 27% (10%) and 29% (15%) of the estimates derived by U.S. EPA. CONCLUSION: We recommend that the SHEDS-Woods model use data from studies of children actively playing on playsets to more accurately estimate children’s actual exposures to CCA. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2007-05 2007-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC1867987/ /pubmed/17520068 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9741 Text en http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, ?Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives?); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. |
spellingShingle | Research Barraj, Leila M. Tsuji, Joyce S. Scrafford, Carolyn G. The SHEDS-Wood Model: Incorporation of Observational Data to Estimate Exposure to Arsenic for Children Playing on CCA-Treated Wood Structures |
title | The SHEDS-Wood Model: Incorporation of Observational Data to Estimate Exposure to Arsenic for Children Playing on CCA-Treated Wood Structures |
title_full | The SHEDS-Wood Model: Incorporation of Observational Data to Estimate Exposure to Arsenic for Children Playing on CCA-Treated Wood Structures |
title_fullStr | The SHEDS-Wood Model: Incorporation of Observational Data to Estimate Exposure to Arsenic for Children Playing on CCA-Treated Wood Structures |
title_full_unstemmed | The SHEDS-Wood Model: Incorporation of Observational Data to Estimate Exposure to Arsenic for Children Playing on CCA-Treated Wood Structures |
title_short | The SHEDS-Wood Model: Incorporation of Observational Data to Estimate Exposure to Arsenic for Children Playing on CCA-Treated Wood Structures |
title_sort | sheds-wood model: incorporation of observational data to estimate exposure to arsenic for children playing on cca-treated wood structures |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1867987/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17520068 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9741 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT barrajleilam theshedswoodmodelincorporationofobservationaldatatoestimateexposuretoarsenicforchildrenplayingonccatreatedwoodstructures AT tsujijoyces theshedswoodmodelincorporationofobservationaldatatoestimateexposuretoarsenicforchildrenplayingonccatreatedwoodstructures AT scraffordcarolyng theshedswoodmodelincorporationofobservationaldatatoestimateexposuretoarsenicforchildrenplayingonccatreatedwoodstructures AT barrajleilam shedswoodmodelincorporationofobservationaldatatoestimateexposuretoarsenicforchildrenplayingonccatreatedwoodstructures AT tsujijoyces shedswoodmodelincorporationofobservationaldatatoestimateexposuretoarsenicforchildrenplayingonccatreatedwoodstructures AT scraffordcarolyng shedswoodmodelincorporationofobservationaldatatoestimateexposuretoarsenicforchildrenplayingonccatreatedwoodstructures |