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Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the coordination strategy of maximal-effort horizontal jumping in comparison with vertical jumping, using the methodology of computer simulation. METHODS: A skeletal model that has nine rigid body segments and twenty degrees of freedom was dev...

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Autores principales: Nagano, Akinori, Komura, Taku, Fukashiro, Senshi
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1896168/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17543118
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-6-20
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author Nagano, Akinori
Komura, Taku
Fukashiro, Senshi
author_facet Nagano, Akinori
Komura, Taku
Fukashiro, Senshi
author_sort Nagano, Akinori
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the coordination strategy of maximal-effort horizontal jumping in comparison with vertical jumping, using the methodology of computer simulation. METHODS: A skeletal model that has nine rigid body segments and twenty degrees of freedom was developed. Thirty-two Hill-type lower limb muscles were attached to the model. The excitation-contraction dynamics of the contractile element, the tissues around the joints to limit the joint range of motion, as well as the foot-ground interaction were implemented. Simulations were initiated from an identical standing posture for both motions. Optimal pattern of the activation input signal was searched through numerical optimization. For the horizontal jumping, the goal was to maximize the horizontal distance traveled by the body's center of mass. For the vertical jumping, the goal was to maximize the height reached by the body's center of mass. RESULTS: As a result, it was found that the hip joint was utilized more vigorously in the horizontal jumping than in the vertical jumping. The muscles that have a function of joint flexion such as the m. iliopsoas, m. rectus femoris and m. tibialis anterior were activated to a greater level during the countermovement in the horizontal jumping with an effect of moving the body's center of mass in the forward direction. Muscular work was transferred to the mechanical energy of the body's center of mass more effectively in the horizontal jump, which resulted in a greater energy gain of the body's center of mass throughout the motion. CONCLUSION: These differences in the optimal coordination strategy seem to be caused from the requirement that the body's center of mass needs to be located above the feet in a vertical jumping, whereas this requirement is not so strict in a horizontal jumping.
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spelling pubmed-18961682007-06-23 Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study Nagano, Akinori Komura, Taku Fukashiro, Senshi Biomed Eng Online Research BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the coordination strategy of maximal-effort horizontal jumping in comparison with vertical jumping, using the methodology of computer simulation. METHODS: A skeletal model that has nine rigid body segments and twenty degrees of freedom was developed. Thirty-two Hill-type lower limb muscles were attached to the model. The excitation-contraction dynamics of the contractile element, the tissues around the joints to limit the joint range of motion, as well as the foot-ground interaction were implemented. Simulations were initiated from an identical standing posture for both motions. Optimal pattern of the activation input signal was searched through numerical optimization. For the horizontal jumping, the goal was to maximize the horizontal distance traveled by the body's center of mass. For the vertical jumping, the goal was to maximize the height reached by the body's center of mass. RESULTS: As a result, it was found that the hip joint was utilized more vigorously in the horizontal jumping than in the vertical jumping. The muscles that have a function of joint flexion such as the m. iliopsoas, m. rectus femoris and m. tibialis anterior were activated to a greater level during the countermovement in the horizontal jumping with an effect of moving the body's center of mass in the forward direction. Muscular work was transferred to the mechanical energy of the body's center of mass more effectively in the horizontal jump, which resulted in a greater energy gain of the body's center of mass throughout the motion. CONCLUSION: These differences in the optimal coordination strategy seem to be caused from the requirement that the body's center of mass needs to be located above the feet in a vertical jumping, whereas this requirement is not so strict in a horizontal jumping. BioMed Central 2007-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC1896168/ /pubmed/17543118 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-6-20 Text en Copyright © 2007 Nagano et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Nagano, Akinori
Komura, Taku
Fukashiro, Senshi
Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study
title Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study
title_full Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study
title_fullStr Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study
title_full_unstemmed Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study
title_short Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study
title_sort optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions – a computer simulation study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1896168/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17543118
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-6-20
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