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Who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in Sweden? A longitudinal analysis over 10 years

BACKGROUND: Obesity has primarily been addressed with interventions to promote weight loss and these have been largely unsuccessful. Primary prevention of obesity through support of weight maintenance may be a preferable strategy although to date this has not been the main focus of public health int...

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Autores principales: Nafziger, Anne N, Lindvall, Kristina, Norberg, Margareta, Stenlund, Hans, Wall, Stig, Jenkins, Paul L, Pearson, Thomas A, Weinehall, Lars
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1904206/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17565692
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-7-108
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author Nafziger, Anne N
Lindvall, Kristina
Norberg, Margareta
Stenlund, Hans
Wall, Stig
Jenkins, Paul L
Pearson, Thomas A
Weinehall, Lars
author_facet Nafziger, Anne N
Lindvall, Kristina
Norberg, Margareta
Stenlund, Hans
Wall, Stig
Jenkins, Paul L
Pearson, Thomas A
Weinehall, Lars
author_sort Nafziger, Anne N
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Obesity has primarily been addressed with interventions to promote weight loss and these have been largely unsuccessful. Primary prevention of obesity through support of weight maintenance may be a preferable strategy although to date this has not been the main focus of public health interventions. The aim of this study is to characterize who is not gaining weight during a 10 year period in Sweden. METHODS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were conducted in adults aged 30, 40, 50 and 60 years during the Västerbotten Intervention Programme in Sweden. Height, weight, demographics and selected cardiovascular risk factors were collected on each participant. Prevalences of obesity were calculated for the 40, 50 and 60 year olds from the cross-sectional studies between 1990 and 2004. In the longitudinal study, 10-year non-gain (lost weight or maintained body weight within 3% of baseline weight) or weight gain (≥ 3%) was calculated for individuals aged 30, 40, or 50 years at baseline. A multivariate logistic regression model was built to predict weight non-gain. RESULTS: There were 82,927 adults included in the cross-sectional studies which had an average annual participation rate of 63%. Prevalence of obesity [body mass index (BMI) in kg/m(2 )≥ 30] increased from 9.4% in 1990 to 17.5% in 2004, and 60 year olds had the highest prevalence of obesity. 14,867 adults with a BMI of 18.5–29.9 at baseline participated in the longitudinal surveys which had a participation rate of 74%. 5242 adults (35.3%) were categorized as non-gainers. Older age, being female, classified as overweight by baseline BMI, later survey year, baseline diagnosis of diabetes, and lack of snuff use increased the chances of not gaining weight. CONCLUSION: Educational efforts should be broadened to include those adults who are usually considered to be at low risk for weight gain – younger individuals, those of normal body weight, and those without health conditions (e.g. diabetes type 2) and cardiovascular risk factors – as these are the individuals who are least likely to maintain their body weight over a 10 year period. The importance of focusing obesity prevention efforts on such individuals has not been widely recognized.
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spelling pubmed-19042062007-06-29 Who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in Sweden? A longitudinal analysis over 10 years Nafziger, Anne N Lindvall, Kristina Norberg, Margareta Stenlund, Hans Wall, Stig Jenkins, Paul L Pearson, Thomas A Weinehall, Lars BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Obesity has primarily been addressed with interventions to promote weight loss and these have been largely unsuccessful. Primary prevention of obesity through support of weight maintenance may be a preferable strategy although to date this has not been the main focus of public health interventions. The aim of this study is to characterize who is not gaining weight during a 10 year period in Sweden. METHODS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were conducted in adults aged 30, 40, 50 and 60 years during the Västerbotten Intervention Programme in Sweden. Height, weight, demographics and selected cardiovascular risk factors were collected on each participant. Prevalences of obesity were calculated for the 40, 50 and 60 year olds from the cross-sectional studies between 1990 and 2004. In the longitudinal study, 10-year non-gain (lost weight or maintained body weight within 3% of baseline weight) or weight gain (≥ 3%) was calculated for individuals aged 30, 40, or 50 years at baseline. A multivariate logistic regression model was built to predict weight non-gain. RESULTS: There were 82,927 adults included in the cross-sectional studies which had an average annual participation rate of 63%. Prevalence of obesity [body mass index (BMI) in kg/m(2 )≥ 30] increased from 9.4% in 1990 to 17.5% in 2004, and 60 year olds had the highest prevalence of obesity. 14,867 adults with a BMI of 18.5–29.9 at baseline participated in the longitudinal surveys which had a participation rate of 74%. 5242 adults (35.3%) were categorized as non-gainers. Older age, being female, classified as overweight by baseline BMI, later survey year, baseline diagnosis of diabetes, and lack of snuff use increased the chances of not gaining weight. CONCLUSION: Educational efforts should be broadened to include those adults who are usually considered to be at low risk for weight gain – younger individuals, those of normal body weight, and those without health conditions (e.g. diabetes type 2) and cardiovascular risk factors – as these are the individuals who are least likely to maintain their body weight over a 10 year period. The importance of focusing obesity prevention efforts on such individuals has not been widely recognized. BioMed Central 2007-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC1904206/ /pubmed/17565692 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-7-108 Text en Copyright © 2007 Nafziger et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nafziger, Anne N
Lindvall, Kristina
Norberg, Margareta
Stenlund, Hans
Wall, Stig
Jenkins, Paul L
Pearson, Thomas A
Weinehall, Lars
Who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in Sweden? A longitudinal analysis over 10 years
title Who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in Sweden? A longitudinal analysis over 10 years
title_full Who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in Sweden? A longitudinal analysis over 10 years
title_fullStr Who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in Sweden? A longitudinal analysis over 10 years
title_full_unstemmed Who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in Sweden? A longitudinal analysis over 10 years
title_short Who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in Sweden? A longitudinal analysis over 10 years
title_sort who is maintaining weight in a middle-aged population in sweden? a longitudinal analysis over 10 years
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1904206/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17565692
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-7-108
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