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Transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets

BACKGROUND: To gain insight into host-microbe interactions in a piglet model, a functional genomics approach was used to address the working hypothesis that transcriptionally regulated genes associated with promoting epithelial barrier function are activated as a defensive response to the intestinal...

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Autores principales: Chowdhury, Shankar R, King, Dale E, Willing, Benjamin P, Band, Mark R, Beever, Jonathan E, Lane, Adrienne B, Loor, Juan J, Marini, Juan C, Rund, Laurie A, Schook, Lawrence B, Van Kessel, Andrew G, Gaskins, H Rex
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1949829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615075
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-8-215
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author Chowdhury, Shankar R
King, Dale E
Willing, Benjamin P
Band, Mark R
Beever, Jonathan E
Lane, Adrienne B
Loor, Juan J
Marini, Juan C
Rund, Laurie A
Schook, Lawrence B
Van Kessel, Andrew G
Gaskins, H Rex
author_facet Chowdhury, Shankar R
King, Dale E
Willing, Benjamin P
Band, Mark R
Beever, Jonathan E
Lane, Adrienne B
Loor, Juan J
Marini, Juan C
Rund, Laurie A
Schook, Lawrence B
Van Kessel, Andrew G
Gaskins, H Rex
author_sort Chowdhury, Shankar R
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: To gain insight into host-microbe interactions in a piglet model, a functional genomics approach was used to address the working hypothesis that transcriptionally regulated genes associated with promoting epithelial barrier function are activated as a defensive response to the intestinal microbiota. Cesarean-derived germfree (GF) newborn piglets were colonized with adult swine feces, and villus and crypt epithelial cell transcriptomes from colonized and GF neonatal piglets were compared using laser-capture microdissection and high-density porcine oligonucleotide microarray technology. RESULTS: Consistent with our hypothesis, resident microbiota induced the expression of genes contributing to intestinal epithelial cell turnover, mucus biosynthesis, and priming of the immune system. Furthermore, differential expression of genes associated with antigen presentation (pan SLA class I, B2M, TAP1 and TAPBP) demonstrated that microbiota induced immune responses using a distinct regulatory mechanism common for these genes. Specifically, gene network analysis revealed that microbial colonization activated both type I (IFNAR) and type II (IFNGR) interferon receptor mediated signaling cascades leading to enhanced expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), STAT2 and IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) transcription factors and the induction of IFN-inducible genes as a reflection of intestinal epithelial inflammation. In addition, activated RNA expression of NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFκBIA; a.k.a I-kappa-B-alpha, IKBα) and toll interacting protein (TOLLIP), both inhibitors of inflammation, along with downregulated expression of the immunoregulatory transcription factor GATA binding protein-1 (GATA1) is consistent with the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. CONCLUSION: This study supports the concept that the intestinal epithelium has evolved to maintain a physiological state of inflammation with respect to continuous microbial exposure, which serves to sustain a tight intestinal barrier while preventing overt inflammatory responses that would compromise barrier function.
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spelling pubmed-19498292007-08-17 Transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets Chowdhury, Shankar R King, Dale E Willing, Benjamin P Band, Mark R Beever, Jonathan E Lane, Adrienne B Loor, Juan J Marini, Juan C Rund, Laurie A Schook, Lawrence B Van Kessel, Andrew G Gaskins, H Rex BMC Genomics Research Article BACKGROUND: To gain insight into host-microbe interactions in a piglet model, a functional genomics approach was used to address the working hypothesis that transcriptionally regulated genes associated with promoting epithelial barrier function are activated as a defensive response to the intestinal microbiota. Cesarean-derived germfree (GF) newborn piglets were colonized with adult swine feces, and villus and crypt epithelial cell transcriptomes from colonized and GF neonatal piglets were compared using laser-capture microdissection and high-density porcine oligonucleotide microarray technology. RESULTS: Consistent with our hypothesis, resident microbiota induced the expression of genes contributing to intestinal epithelial cell turnover, mucus biosynthesis, and priming of the immune system. Furthermore, differential expression of genes associated with antigen presentation (pan SLA class I, B2M, TAP1 and TAPBP) demonstrated that microbiota induced immune responses using a distinct regulatory mechanism common for these genes. Specifically, gene network analysis revealed that microbial colonization activated both type I (IFNAR) and type II (IFNGR) interferon receptor mediated signaling cascades leading to enhanced expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), STAT2 and IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) transcription factors and the induction of IFN-inducible genes as a reflection of intestinal epithelial inflammation. In addition, activated RNA expression of NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFκBIA; a.k.a I-kappa-B-alpha, IKBα) and toll interacting protein (TOLLIP), both inhibitors of inflammation, along with downregulated expression of the immunoregulatory transcription factor GATA binding protein-1 (GATA1) is consistent with the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. CONCLUSION: This study supports the concept that the intestinal epithelium has evolved to maintain a physiological state of inflammation with respect to continuous microbial exposure, which serves to sustain a tight intestinal barrier while preventing overt inflammatory responses that would compromise barrier function. BioMed Central 2007-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC1949829/ /pubmed/17615075 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-8-215 Text en Copyright © 2007 Chowdhury et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Chowdhury, Shankar R
King, Dale E
Willing, Benjamin P
Band, Mark R
Beever, Jonathan E
Lane, Adrienne B
Loor, Juan J
Marini, Juan C
Rund, Laurie A
Schook, Lawrence B
Van Kessel, Andrew G
Gaskins, H Rex
Transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets
title Transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets
title_full Transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets
title_fullStr Transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets
title_short Transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets
title_sort transcriptome profiling of the small intestinal epithelium in germfree versus conventional piglets
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1949829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615075
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-8-215
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