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The Relationship of Within-Host Multiplication and Virulence in a Plant-Virus System
BACKGROUND: Virulence does not represent any obvious advantage to parasites. Most models of virulence evolution assume that virulence is an unavoidable consequence of within-host multiplication of parasites, resulting in trade-offs between within-host multiplication and between-host transmission fit...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2007
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1950075/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17726516 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000786 |
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author | Pagán, Israel Alonso-Blanco, Carlos García-Arenal, Fernando |
author_facet | Pagán, Israel Alonso-Blanco, Carlos García-Arenal, Fernando |
author_sort | Pagán, Israel |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Virulence does not represent any obvious advantage to parasites. Most models of virulence evolution assume that virulence is an unavoidable consequence of within-host multiplication of parasites, resulting in trade-offs between within-host multiplication and between-host transmission fitness components. Experimental support for the central assumption of this hypothesis, i.e., for a positive correlation between within-host multiplication rates and virulence, is limited for plant-parasite systems. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have addressed this issue in the system Arabidopsis thaliana-Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Virus multiplication and the effect of infection on plant growth and on viable seed production were quantified for 21 Arabidopsis wild genotypes infected by 3 CMV isolates. The effect of infection on plant growth and seed production depended of plant architecture and length of postembryonic life cycle, two genetically-determined traits, as well as on the time of infection in the plant's life cycle. A relationship between virus multiplication and virulence was not a general feature of this host-parasite system. This could be explained by tolerance mechanisms determined by the host genotype and operating differently on two components of plant fitness, biomass production and resource allocation to seeds. However, a positive relationship between virus multiplication and virulence was detected for some accessions with short life cycle and high seed weight to biomass ratio, which show lower levels of tolerance to infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results show that genotype-specific tolerance mechanisms may lead to the absence of a clear relationship between parasite multiplication and virulence. Furthermore, a positive correlation between parasite multiplication and virulence may occur only in some genotypes and/or environmental conditions for a given host-parasite system. Thus, our results challenge the general validity of the trade-off hypothesis for virulence evolution, and stress the need of considering the effect of both the host and parasite genotypes in analyses of host-parasite interactions. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-1950075 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2007 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-19500752007-09-14 The Relationship of Within-Host Multiplication and Virulence in a Plant-Virus System Pagán, Israel Alonso-Blanco, Carlos García-Arenal, Fernando PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Virulence does not represent any obvious advantage to parasites. Most models of virulence evolution assume that virulence is an unavoidable consequence of within-host multiplication of parasites, resulting in trade-offs between within-host multiplication and between-host transmission fitness components. Experimental support for the central assumption of this hypothesis, i.e., for a positive correlation between within-host multiplication rates and virulence, is limited for plant-parasite systems. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have addressed this issue in the system Arabidopsis thaliana-Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Virus multiplication and the effect of infection on plant growth and on viable seed production were quantified for 21 Arabidopsis wild genotypes infected by 3 CMV isolates. The effect of infection on plant growth and seed production depended of plant architecture and length of postembryonic life cycle, two genetically-determined traits, as well as on the time of infection in the plant's life cycle. A relationship between virus multiplication and virulence was not a general feature of this host-parasite system. This could be explained by tolerance mechanisms determined by the host genotype and operating differently on two components of plant fitness, biomass production and resource allocation to seeds. However, a positive relationship between virus multiplication and virulence was detected for some accessions with short life cycle and high seed weight to biomass ratio, which show lower levels of tolerance to infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results show that genotype-specific tolerance mechanisms may lead to the absence of a clear relationship between parasite multiplication and virulence. Furthermore, a positive correlation between parasite multiplication and virulence may occur only in some genotypes and/or environmental conditions for a given host-parasite system. Thus, our results challenge the general validity of the trade-off hypothesis for virulence evolution, and stress the need of considering the effect of both the host and parasite genotypes in analyses of host-parasite interactions. Public Library of Science 2007-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC1950075/ /pubmed/17726516 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000786 Text en Pagán et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Pagán, Israel Alonso-Blanco, Carlos García-Arenal, Fernando The Relationship of Within-Host Multiplication and Virulence in a Plant-Virus System |
title | The Relationship of Within-Host Multiplication and Virulence in a Plant-Virus System |
title_full | The Relationship of Within-Host Multiplication and Virulence in a Plant-Virus System |
title_fullStr | The Relationship of Within-Host Multiplication and Virulence in a Plant-Virus System |
title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship of Within-Host Multiplication and Virulence in a Plant-Virus System |
title_short | The Relationship of Within-Host Multiplication and Virulence in a Plant-Virus System |
title_sort | relationship of within-host multiplication and virulence in a plant-virus system |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1950075/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17726516 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000786 |
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