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Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Survey

INTRODUCTION: In 1994, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services mandated sufficient inclusion of racial and ethnic minorities in all federally funded research. This mandate requires researchers to monitor study samples for research participation and differential survey nonresponse. This stud...

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Autores principales: DeFrank, Jessica T, J. Michael, Bowling, Rimer, Barbara K, Gierisch, Jennifer M, Sugg Skinner, Celette
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1955404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17572964
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author DeFrank, Jessica T
J. Michael, Bowling
Rimer, Barbara K
Gierisch, Jennifer M
Sugg Skinner, Celette
author_facet DeFrank, Jessica T
J. Michael, Bowling
Rimer, Barbara K
Gierisch, Jennifer M
Sugg Skinner, Celette
author_sort DeFrank, Jessica T
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: In 1994, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services mandated sufficient inclusion of racial and ethnic minorities in all federally funded research. This mandate requires researchers to monitor study samples for research participation and differential survey nonresponse. This study illustrates methods to assess differential survey nonresponse when population race data are incomplete, which is often the case when studies are conducted among members of health plans. METHODS: We collected data as part of the PRISM (Personally Relevant Information about Screening Mammography) study, a trial funded by the National Institutes of Health to increase rates of annual mammography adherence. We used two methods to estimate racial distribution of the PRISM study population. The first method, called E-Tech, estimated race of the sample frame by using individuals' names and zip codes. In the second method, we conducted interviews with a subsample of PRISM study refusals. We validated both estimation methods through comparisons with self-reported race. We used race information generated by E-Tech, interviewer estimates, and self-report to assess differential nonresponse in the PRISM study. RESULTS: The E-Tech method had moderate sensitivity (48%) in estimating race of black participants but higher specificity (97%) and positive predictive value (71%). The interviewer-estimation method had high sensitivity (100%), high specificity (95%), and moderate positive predictive value (80%). Black women were less likely than white women to be reached for study participation. CONCLUSION: There was slight differential nonresponse by race in the PRISM study. Techniques described here may be useful for assessing differential nonresponse in samples with incomplete data on race.
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spelling pubmed-19554042007-09-17 Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Survey DeFrank, Jessica T J. Michael, Bowling Rimer, Barbara K Gierisch, Jennifer M Sugg Skinner, Celette Prev Chronic Dis Original Research INTRODUCTION: In 1994, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services mandated sufficient inclusion of racial and ethnic minorities in all federally funded research. This mandate requires researchers to monitor study samples for research participation and differential survey nonresponse. This study illustrates methods to assess differential survey nonresponse when population race data are incomplete, which is often the case when studies are conducted among members of health plans. METHODS: We collected data as part of the PRISM (Personally Relevant Information about Screening Mammography) study, a trial funded by the National Institutes of Health to increase rates of annual mammography adherence. We used two methods to estimate racial distribution of the PRISM study population. The first method, called E-Tech, estimated race of the sample frame by using individuals' names and zip codes. In the second method, we conducted interviews with a subsample of PRISM study refusals. We validated both estimation methods through comparisons with self-reported race. We used race information generated by E-Tech, interviewer estimates, and self-report to assess differential nonresponse in the PRISM study. RESULTS: The E-Tech method had moderate sensitivity (48%) in estimating race of black participants but higher specificity (97%) and positive predictive value (71%). The interviewer-estimation method had high sensitivity (100%), high specificity (95%), and moderate positive predictive value (80%). Black women were less likely than white women to be reached for study participation. CONCLUSION: There was slight differential nonresponse by race in the PRISM study. Techniques described here may be useful for assessing differential nonresponse in samples with incomplete data on race. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2007-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC1955404/ /pubmed/17572964 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is a publication of the U.S. Government. This publication is in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from this work may be reprinted freely. Use of these materials should be properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
DeFrank, Jessica T
J. Michael, Bowling
Rimer, Barbara K
Gierisch, Jennifer M
Sugg Skinner, Celette
Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Survey
title Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Survey
title_full Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Survey
title_fullStr Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Survey
title_full_unstemmed Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Survey
title_short Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Survey
title_sort triangulating differential nonresponse by race in a telephone survey
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1955404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17572964
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