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Co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes

The olfactory system meets niche- and species-specific demands by an accelerated evolution of its odorant receptor repertoires. In this review, we describe evolutionary processes that have shaped olfactory and vomeronasal receptor gene families in vertebrate genomes. We emphasize three important per...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kambere, Marijo B, Lane, Robert P
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1995454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17903278
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-8-S3-S2
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author Kambere, Marijo B
Lane, Robert P
author_facet Kambere, Marijo B
Lane, Robert P
author_sort Kambere, Marijo B
collection PubMed
description The olfactory system meets niche- and species-specific demands by an accelerated evolution of its odorant receptor repertoires. In this review, we describe evolutionary processes that have shaped olfactory and vomeronasal receptor gene families in vertebrate genomes. We emphasize three important periods in the evolution of the olfactory system evident by comparative genomics: the adaptation to land in amphibian ancestors, the decline of olfaction in primates, and the delineation of putative pheromone receptors concurrent with rodent speciation. The rapid evolution of odorant receptor genes, the sheer size of the repertoire, as well as their wide distribution in the genome, presents a developmental challenge: how are these ever-changing odorant receptor repertoires coordinated within the olfactory system? A central organizing principle in olfaction is the specialization of sensory neurons resulting from each sensory neuron expressing only ~one odorant receptor allele. In this review, we also discuss this mutually exclusive expression of odorant receptor genes. We have considered several models to account for co-regulation of odorant receptor repertoires, as well as discussed a new hypothesis that invokes important epigenetic properties of the system.
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spelling pubmed-19954542007-10-02 Co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes Kambere, Marijo B Lane, Robert P BMC Neurosci Review The olfactory system meets niche- and species-specific demands by an accelerated evolution of its odorant receptor repertoires. In this review, we describe evolutionary processes that have shaped olfactory and vomeronasal receptor gene families in vertebrate genomes. We emphasize three important periods in the evolution of the olfactory system evident by comparative genomics: the adaptation to land in amphibian ancestors, the decline of olfaction in primates, and the delineation of putative pheromone receptors concurrent with rodent speciation. The rapid evolution of odorant receptor genes, the sheer size of the repertoire, as well as their wide distribution in the genome, presents a developmental challenge: how are these ever-changing odorant receptor repertoires coordinated within the olfactory system? A central organizing principle in olfaction is the specialization of sensory neurons resulting from each sensory neuron expressing only ~one odorant receptor allele. In this review, we also discuss this mutually exclusive expression of odorant receptor genes. We have considered several models to account for co-regulation of odorant receptor repertoires, as well as discussed a new hypothesis that invokes important epigenetic properties of the system. BioMed Central 2007-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC1995454/ /pubmed/17903278 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-8-S3-S2 Text en Copyright © 2007 Kambere and Lane; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Kambere, Marijo B
Lane, Robert P
Co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes
title Co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes
title_full Co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes
title_fullStr Co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes
title_full_unstemmed Co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes
title_short Co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes
title_sort co-regulation of a large and rapidly evolving repertoire of odorant receptor genes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1995454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17903278
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-8-S3-S2
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