Relationship between serum alpha-foetoprotein, cirrhosis and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma.

An analysis of survival time of 57 West European patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was carried out to define which of several possible factors (age, sex, cirrhosis and raised serum alpha-foetoprotein (AFP)) influenced survival. Although survival was significantly longer in younger patients (P less than 0.02) and in patients with normal serum AFP (P less than 0.01), multivariate analysis showed that significant variation in survival time is better explained by the single factor, the presence of cirrhosis, than by AFP level. This does not seem to apply for patients with this tumour in Africa and the Far East, and there may be a fundamental difference in the natural history of the tumour between high- and low-incidence areas.