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Plasma chromogranin A marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies.
Chromogranin A (CgA) is present in high concentrations in enterochromaffin cells, where it is co-localised with serotonin in the storage granules. Plasma CgA has been reported to mark emesis and serotonin release associated with cisplatin treatment. However, it is not known whether plasma CgA could...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group
1995
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2034062/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7547218 |
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author | Cubeddu, L. X. O'Connor, D. T. Hoffmann, I. Parmer, R. J. |
author_facet | Cubeddu, L. X. O'Connor, D. T. Hoffmann, I. Parmer, R. J. |
author_sort | Cubeddu, L. X. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chromogranin A (CgA) is present in high concentrations in enterochromaffin cells, where it is co-localised with serotonin in the storage granules. Plasma CgA has been reported to mark emesis and serotonin release associated with cisplatin treatment. However, it is not known whether plasma CgA could be an indicator of emesis and of serotonin release in patients receiving non-cisplatin chemotherapies. Therefore, in this study we evaluated, in cancer patients, the temporal relationships between the increases in plasma CgA and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and the development of vomiting following dacarbazine, nitrogen mustard and cyclophosphamide treatments. Metoclopramide was used as antiemetic. With dacarbazine, nitrogen mustard and cyclophosphamide the median time to the onset of emesis was 2.3, 2.8 and 5.3 h and the duration of intense emesis was 3, 2 and 6 h respectively. Plasma CgA and urinary 5-HIAA increased after dacarbazine- and nitrogen mustard-based chemotherapies, with maximal increases between 4 and 6 h after initiation of drug infusion. The time course for the increases in plasma CgA paralleled that of urinary 5-HIAA and the period of intense emesis. A highly significant (P = 0.0009) positive correlation (r = 0.68) was found between the increases in plasma CgA and in urinary 5-HIAA. Cyclophosphamide treatment was not associated with increases in plasma CgA and in urinary 5-HIAA, despite inducing emesis; this indicates that the increases in CgA and 5-HIAA after dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard are not due to the act of vomiting per se. In summary, plasma CgA is a marker of serotonin release (most likely from enterochromaffin cells) after dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard-based chemotherapies, exocytosis being the most likely mechanism for the release of serotonin. Serotonin released from enterochromaffin cells seems to trigger the emetic response to dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard; however, cyclophosphamide may release serotonin from a different pool (enteric serotonin neurons and/or CNS serotonin?). |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2034062 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 1995 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-20340622009-09-10 Plasma chromogranin A marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. Cubeddu, L. X. O'Connor, D. T. Hoffmann, I. Parmer, R. J. Br J Cancer Research Article Chromogranin A (CgA) is present in high concentrations in enterochromaffin cells, where it is co-localised with serotonin in the storage granules. Plasma CgA has been reported to mark emesis and serotonin release associated with cisplatin treatment. However, it is not known whether plasma CgA could be an indicator of emesis and of serotonin release in patients receiving non-cisplatin chemotherapies. Therefore, in this study we evaluated, in cancer patients, the temporal relationships between the increases in plasma CgA and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and the development of vomiting following dacarbazine, nitrogen mustard and cyclophosphamide treatments. Metoclopramide was used as antiemetic. With dacarbazine, nitrogen mustard and cyclophosphamide the median time to the onset of emesis was 2.3, 2.8 and 5.3 h and the duration of intense emesis was 3, 2 and 6 h respectively. Plasma CgA and urinary 5-HIAA increased after dacarbazine- and nitrogen mustard-based chemotherapies, with maximal increases between 4 and 6 h after initiation of drug infusion. The time course for the increases in plasma CgA paralleled that of urinary 5-HIAA and the period of intense emesis. A highly significant (P = 0.0009) positive correlation (r = 0.68) was found between the increases in plasma CgA and in urinary 5-HIAA. Cyclophosphamide treatment was not associated with increases in plasma CgA and in urinary 5-HIAA, despite inducing emesis; this indicates that the increases in CgA and 5-HIAA after dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard are not due to the act of vomiting per se. In summary, plasma CgA is a marker of serotonin release (most likely from enterochromaffin cells) after dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard-based chemotherapies, exocytosis being the most likely mechanism for the release of serotonin. Serotonin released from enterochromaffin cells seems to trigger the emetic response to dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard; however, cyclophosphamide may release serotonin from a different pool (enteric serotonin neurons and/or CNS serotonin?). Nature Publishing Group 1995-10 /pmc/articles/PMC2034062/ /pubmed/7547218 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Cubeddu, L. X. O'Connor, D. T. Hoffmann, I. Parmer, R. J. Plasma chromogranin A marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. |
title | Plasma chromogranin A marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. |
title_full | Plasma chromogranin A marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. |
title_fullStr | Plasma chromogranin A marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. |
title_full_unstemmed | Plasma chromogranin A marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. |
title_short | Plasma chromogranin A marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. |
title_sort | plasma chromogranin a marks emesis and serotonin release associated with dacarbazine and nitrogen mustard but not with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2034062/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7547218 |
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