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Translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model

BACKGROUND: Experimental studies provide evidence that inhaled nanoparticles may translocate over the airspace epithelium and cause increased cellular inflammation. Little is known, however, about the dependence of particle size or material on translocation characteristics, inflammatory response and...

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Autores principales: Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara, Mühlfeld, Christian, Blank, Fabian, Musso, Claudia, Gehr, Peter
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2039730/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17894871
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-4-9
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author Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara
Mühlfeld, Christian
Blank, Fabian
Musso, Claudia
Gehr, Peter
author_facet Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara
Mühlfeld, Christian
Blank, Fabian
Musso, Claudia
Gehr, Peter
author_sort Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Experimental studies provide evidence that inhaled nanoparticles may translocate over the airspace epithelium and cause increased cellular inflammation. Little is known, however, about the dependence of particle size or material on translocation characteristics, inflammatory response and intracellular localization. RESULTS: Using a triple cell co-culture model of the human airway wall composed of epithelial cells, macrophages and dendritic cells we quantified the entering of fine (1 μm) and nano-sized (0.078 μm) polystyrene particles by laser scanning microscopy. The number distribution of particles within the cell types was significantly different between fine and nano-sized particles suggesting different translocation characteristics. Analysis of the intracellular localization of gold (0.025 μm) and titanium dioxide (0.02–0.03 μm) nanoparticles by energy filtering transmission electron microscopy showed differences in intracellular localization depending on particle composition. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were detected as single particles without membranes as well as in membrane-bound agglomerations. Gold nanoparticles were found inside the cells as free particles only. The potential of the different particle types (different sizes and different materials) to induce a cellular response was determined by measurements of the tumour necrosis factor-α in the supernatants. We measured a 2–3 fold increase of tumour necrosis factor-α in the supernatants after applying 1 μm polystyrene particles, gold nanoparticles, but not with polystyrene and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. CONCLUSION: Quantitative laser scanning microscopy provided evidence that the translocation and entering characteristics of particles are size-dependent. Energy filtering transmission electron microscopy showed that the intracellular localization of nanoparticles depends on the particle material. Both particle size and material affect the cellular responses to particle exposure as measured by the generation of tumour necrosis factor-α.
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spelling pubmed-20397302007-10-20 Translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara Mühlfeld, Christian Blank, Fabian Musso, Claudia Gehr, Peter Part Fibre Toxicol Research BACKGROUND: Experimental studies provide evidence that inhaled nanoparticles may translocate over the airspace epithelium and cause increased cellular inflammation. Little is known, however, about the dependence of particle size or material on translocation characteristics, inflammatory response and intracellular localization. RESULTS: Using a triple cell co-culture model of the human airway wall composed of epithelial cells, macrophages and dendritic cells we quantified the entering of fine (1 μm) and nano-sized (0.078 μm) polystyrene particles by laser scanning microscopy. The number distribution of particles within the cell types was significantly different between fine and nano-sized particles suggesting different translocation characteristics. Analysis of the intracellular localization of gold (0.025 μm) and titanium dioxide (0.02–0.03 μm) nanoparticles by energy filtering transmission electron microscopy showed differences in intracellular localization depending on particle composition. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were detected as single particles without membranes as well as in membrane-bound agglomerations. Gold nanoparticles were found inside the cells as free particles only. The potential of the different particle types (different sizes and different materials) to induce a cellular response was determined by measurements of the tumour necrosis factor-α in the supernatants. We measured a 2–3 fold increase of tumour necrosis factor-α in the supernatants after applying 1 μm polystyrene particles, gold nanoparticles, but not with polystyrene and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. CONCLUSION: Quantitative laser scanning microscopy provided evidence that the translocation and entering characteristics of particles are size-dependent. Energy filtering transmission electron microscopy showed that the intracellular localization of nanoparticles depends on the particle material. Both particle size and material affect the cellular responses to particle exposure as measured by the generation of tumour necrosis factor-α. BioMed Central 2007-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC2039730/ /pubmed/17894871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-4-9 Text en Copyright © 2007 Rothen-Rutishauser et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara
Mühlfeld, Christian
Blank, Fabian
Musso, Claudia
Gehr, Peter
Translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model
title Translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model
title_full Translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model
title_fullStr Translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model
title_full_unstemmed Translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model
title_short Translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model
title_sort translocation of particles and inflammatory responses after exposure to fine particles and nanoparticles in an epithelial airway model
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2039730/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17894871
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-4-9
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