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Case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis

We report on the first case-control study to investigate the role of wider environmental and socioeconomic factors upon human cryptosporidiosis. Using GIS the detailed locations of 3368 laboratory-confirmed cases were compared to the locations of an equal number of controls. All cases were genotyped...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lake, Iain R., Harrison, Florence C. D., Chalmers, Rachel M., Bentham, Graham, Nichols, Gordon, Hunter, Paul R., Kovats, R. Sari, Grundy, Chris
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2071968/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17891460
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-007-9179-1
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author Lake, Iain R.
Harrison, Florence C. D.
Chalmers, Rachel M.
Bentham, Graham
Nichols, Gordon
Hunter, Paul R.
Kovats, R. Sari
Grundy, Chris
author_facet Lake, Iain R.
Harrison, Florence C. D.
Chalmers, Rachel M.
Bentham, Graham
Nichols, Gordon
Hunter, Paul R.
Kovats, R. Sari
Grundy, Chris
author_sort Lake, Iain R.
collection PubMed
description We report on the first case-control study to investigate the role of wider environmental and socioeconomic factors upon human cryptosporidiosis. Using GIS the detailed locations of 3368 laboratory-confirmed cases were compared to the locations of an equal number of controls. All cases were genotyped enabling Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum to be examined separately. When all cryptosporidiosis cases were analyzed, several location variables were strongly associated with illness: areas with many higher socioeconomic status individuals, many individuals aged less than 4 years, areas with a high estimate of Cryptosporidium applied to land from manure, and areas with poorer water treatment. For C. hominis cases, the strongly significant risk factors were areas with many higher socioeconomic status individuals, areas with many young children and urban areas. Socioeconomic status and areas with many individuals aged less then 4 years had a greater impact for infection with C. hominis than for C. parvum. Policy implications are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-20719682007-11-15 Case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis Lake, Iain R. Harrison, Florence C. D. Chalmers, Rachel M. Bentham, Graham Nichols, Gordon Hunter, Paul R. Kovats, R. Sari Grundy, Chris Eur J Epidemiol Infectious Diseases We report on the first case-control study to investigate the role of wider environmental and socioeconomic factors upon human cryptosporidiosis. Using GIS the detailed locations of 3368 laboratory-confirmed cases were compared to the locations of an equal number of controls. All cases were genotyped enabling Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum to be examined separately. When all cryptosporidiosis cases were analyzed, several location variables were strongly associated with illness: areas with many higher socioeconomic status individuals, many individuals aged less than 4 years, areas with a high estimate of Cryptosporidium applied to land from manure, and areas with poorer water treatment. For C. hominis cases, the strongly significant risk factors were areas with many higher socioeconomic status individuals, areas with many young children and urban areas. Socioeconomic status and areas with many individuals aged less then 4 years had a greater impact for infection with C. hominis than for C. parvum. Policy implications are discussed. Springer Netherlands 2007-09-21 2007-11 /pmc/articles/PMC2071968/ /pubmed/17891460 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-007-9179-1 Text en © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007
spellingShingle Infectious Diseases
Lake, Iain R.
Harrison, Florence C. D.
Chalmers, Rachel M.
Bentham, Graham
Nichols, Gordon
Hunter, Paul R.
Kovats, R. Sari
Grundy, Chris
Case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis
title Case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis
title_full Case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis
title_fullStr Case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis
title_full_unstemmed Case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis
title_short Case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis
title_sort case-control study of environmental and social factors influencing cryptosporidiosis
topic Infectious Diseases
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2071968/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17891460
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-007-9179-1
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