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Chronic HIV-1 Infection Frequently Fails to Protect against Superinfection

Reports of HIV-1 superinfection (re-infection) have demonstrated that the immune response generated against one strain of HIV-1 does not always protect against other strains. However, studies to determine the incidence of HIV-1 superinfection have yielded conflicting results. Furthermore, few studie...

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Autores principales: Piantadosi, Anne, Chohan, Bhavna, Chohan, Vrasha, McClelland, R. Scott, Overbaugh, Julie
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2077901/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18020705
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030177
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author Piantadosi, Anne
Chohan, Bhavna
Chohan, Vrasha
McClelland, R. Scott
Overbaugh, Julie
author_facet Piantadosi, Anne
Chohan, Bhavna
Chohan, Vrasha
McClelland, R. Scott
Overbaugh, Julie
author_sort Piantadosi, Anne
collection PubMed
description Reports of HIV-1 superinfection (re-infection) have demonstrated that the immune response generated against one strain of HIV-1 does not always protect against other strains. However, studies to determine the incidence of HIV-1 superinfection have yielded conflicting results. Furthermore, few studies have attempted to identify superinfection cases occurring more than a year after initial infection, a time when HIV-1-specific immune responses would be most likely to have developed. We screened a cohort of high-risk Kenyan women for HIV-1 superinfection by comparing partial gag and envelope sequences over a 5-y period beginning at primary infection. Among 36 individuals, we detected seven cases of superinfection, including cases in which both viruses belonged to the same HIV-1 subtype, subtype A. In five of these cases, the superinfecting strain was detected in only one of the two genome regions examined, suggesting that recombination frequently occurs following HIV-1 superinfection. In addition, we found that superinfection occurred throughout the course of the first infection: during acute infection in two cases, between 1–2 y after infection in three cases, and as late as 5 y after infection in two cases. Our results indicate that superinfection commonly occurs after the immune response against the initial infection has had time to develop and mature. Implications from HIV-1 superinfection cases, in which natural re-exposure leads to re-infection, will need to be considered in developing strategies for eliciting protective immunity to HIV-1.
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spelling pubmed-20779012007-11-29 Chronic HIV-1 Infection Frequently Fails to Protect against Superinfection Piantadosi, Anne Chohan, Bhavna Chohan, Vrasha McClelland, R. Scott Overbaugh, Julie PLoS Pathog Research Article Reports of HIV-1 superinfection (re-infection) have demonstrated that the immune response generated against one strain of HIV-1 does not always protect against other strains. However, studies to determine the incidence of HIV-1 superinfection have yielded conflicting results. Furthermore, few studies have attempted to identify superinfection cases occurring more than a year after initial infection, a time when HIV-1-specific immune responses would be most likely to have developed. We screened a cohort of high-risk Kenyan women for HIV-1 superinfection by comparing partial gag and envelope sequences over a 5-y period beginning at primary infection. Among 36 individuals, we detected seven cases of superinfection, including cases in which both viruses belonged to the same HIV-1 subtype, subtype A. In five of these cases, the superinfecting strain was detected in only one of the two genome regions examined, suggesting that recombination frequently occurs following HIV-1 superinfection. In addition, we found that superinfection occurred throughout the course of the first infection: during acute infection in two cases, between 1–2 y after infection in three cases, and as late as 5 y after infection in two cases. Our results indicate that superinfection commonly occurs after the immune response against the initial infection has had time to develop and mature. Implications from HIV-1 superinfection cases, in which natural re-exposure leads to re-infection, will need to be considered in developing strategies for eliciting protective immunity to HIV-1. Public Library of Science 2007-11 2007-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC2077901/ /pubmed/18020705 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030177 Text en © 2007 Piantadosi et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Piantadosi, Anne
Chohan, Bhavna
Chohan, Vrasha
McClelland, R. Scott
Overbaugh, Julie
Chronic HIV-1 Infection Frequently Fails to Protect against Superinfection
title Chronic HIV-1 Infection Frequently Fails to Protect against Superinfection
title_full Chronic HIV-1 Infection Frequently Fails to Protect against Superinfection
title_fullStr Chronic HIV-1 Infection Frequently Fails to Protect against Superinfection
title_full_unstemmed Chronic HIV-1 Infection Frequently Fails to Protect against Superinfection
title_short Chronic HIV-1 Infection Frequently Fails to Protect against Superinfection
title_sort chronic hiv-1 infection frequently fails to protect against superinfection
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2077901/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18020705
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030177
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