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STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES : I. THE EFFECT OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES

Intracerebral injection of preparations of influenza viruses into mice led to tonic and clonic convulsions and death in tetanus, usually within 24 to 72 hours. Histological examination revealed the destruction of the ependymal lining of the ventricles as the dominant finding. These reactions were ob...

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Autores principales: Henle, Gertrude, Henle, Werner
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 1946
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2135619/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19871592
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author Henle, Gertrude
Henle, Werner
author_facet Henle, Gertrude
Henle, Werner
author_sort Henle, Gertrude
collection PubMed
description Intracerebral injection of preparations of influenza viruses into mice led to tonic and clonic convulsions and death in tetanus, usually within 24 to 72 hours. Histological examination revealed the destruction of the ependymal lining of the ventricles as the dominant finding. These reactions were obtained in four different strains of mice as well as in rats, guinea pigs, and hamsters. They were observed in mice after injection of mouse and egg-adapted virus, and all strains of virus tested gave these responses as long as sufficient quantities of the agents were injected. Control materials, such as normal allantoic fluids, particulate components of normal chorio-allantoic membranes, and suspensions of normal murine lungs, gave uniformly negative results. Activation of a latent virus as well as the inadvertent admixture of a neurotropic agent to the influenza cultures was excluded. Propagation of the influenza viruses in the central nervous system could not be demonstrated and, in fact, the agents were no longer demonstrable in 4 days. It was concluded that the observed neurological reactions were the result of toxic activities rather than of virus propagation. Comparison between the infectivity, hemagglutinating capacity, and the toxic activity showed that preparations with the higher titers of virus and hemagglutinin were also the more toxic ones. The toxic agents could not be separated from the infectious particles by the use of such technics as differential high speed centrifugation, adsorption onto and elution from chicken red cells, and precipitation by protamine. The toxic effect of influenza A virus preparations was specifically neutralized by anti-influenza A and not by anti-influenza B serum, and conversely. In addition, antigenic differences were noted between two strains of influenza A virus by this method of testing.
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spelling pubmed-21356192008-04-18 STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES : I. THE EFFECT OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES Henle, Gertrude Henle, Werner J Exp Med Article Intracerebral injection of preparations of influenza viruses into mice led to tonic and clonic convulsions and death in tetanus, usually within 24 to 72 hours. Histological examination revealed the destruction of the ependymal lining of the ventricles as the dominant finding. These reactions were obtained in four different strains of mice as well as in rats, guinea pigs, and hamsters. They were observed in mice after injection of mouse and egg-adapted virus, and all strains of virus tested gave these responses as long as sufficient quantities of the agents were injected. Control materials, such as normal allantoic fluids, particulate components of normal chorio-allantoic membranes, and suspensions of normal murine lungs, gave uniformly negative results. Activation of a latent virus as well as the inadvertent admixture of a neurotropic agent to the influenza cultures was excluded. Propagation of the influenza viruses in the central nervous system could not be demonstrated and, in fact, the agents were no longer demonstrable in 4 days. It was concluded that the observed neurological reactions were the result of toxic activities rather than of virus propagation. Comparison between the infectivity, hemagglutinating capacity, and the toxic activity showed that preparations with the higher titers of virus and hemagglutinin were also the more toxic ones. The toxic agents could not be separated from the infectious particles by the use of such technics as differential high speed centrifugation, adsorption onto and elution from chicken red cells, and precipitation by protamine. The toxic effect of influenza A virus preparations was specifically neutralized by anti-influenza A and not by anti-influenza B serum, and conversely. In addition, antigenic differences were noted between two strains of influenza A virus by this method of testing. The Rockefeller University Press 1946-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC2135619/ /pubmed/19871592 Text en Copyright © Copyright, 1946, by The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Henle, Gertrude
Henle, Werner
STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES : I. THE EFFECT OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES
title STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES : I. THE EFFECT OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES
title_full STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES : I. THE EFFECT OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES
title_fullStr STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES : I. THE EFFECT OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES
title_full_unstemmed STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES : I. THE EFFECT OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES
title_short STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES : I. THE EFFECT OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES
title_sort studies on the toxicity of influenza viruses : i. the effect of intracerebral injection of influenza viruses
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2135619/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19871592
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