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THE FECAL FLORA OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF MICE. ITS BEARING ON THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ENDOTOXIN

Adult mice from seven different colonies were studied with regard to (a) the numbers and types of bacteria that could be cultivated from their stools; (b) their resistance to the lethal effect of endotoxins prepared from three strains of Gram-negative bacilli. See PDF for Structure In six of the sev...

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Autores principales: Schaedler, Russell W., Dubos, René J.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 1962
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2137400/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14497916
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author Schaedler, Russell W.
Dubos, René J.
author_facet Schaedler, Russell W.
Dubos, René J.
author_sort Schaedler, Russell W.
collection PubMed
description Adult mice from seven different colonies were studied with regard to (a) the numbers and types of bacteria that could be cultivated from their stools; (b) their resistance to the lethal effect of endotoxins prepared from three strains of Gram-negative bacilli. See PDF for Structure In six of the seven colonies, the stools yielded large numbers of various types of lactobacilli, enterococci, and Gram-negative bacilli. Most animals in these colonies died within 48 hours following injection of endotoxin. The other mouse colony (NCS) has been maintained for the past three years at the Rockefeller Institute under exacting sanitary conditions; it is free of many types of common mouse pathogens. The stool flora of NCS mice yielded very large numbers of viable lactobacilli (10(9) per gm), representing at least three different morphological types. In contrast, it contained only few enterococci and Gram-negative bacilli (less than 10(6) per gm). Moreover, E. coli, Proteus sp., and Pseudomonas sp. could not be recovered from the stools under normal conditions. NCS mice proved resistant to the lethal effect of endotoxins. These characteristics of the NCS colony prevailed whether the animals were housed continuously in individual cages on wire grids, or grouped continuously in large cages with wood shavings as litter. However, the composition of the bacterial flora could be rapidly and profoundly altered by a variety of unrelated disturbances such as sudden changes in environmental temperature, crowding in cages, handling of the animals, administration of antibacterial drugs, etc. The first effect of the change was a marked decrease in the numbers of lactobacilli and commonly an increase in the numbers of Gram-negative bacilli and enterococci. When tested 3 weeks after these disturbances some NCS animals were found to have become susceptible to the lethal effects of endotoxin.
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spelling pubmed-21374002008-04-17 THE FECAL FLORA OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF MICE. ITS BEARING ON THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ENDOTOXIN Schaedler, Russell W. Dubos, René J. J Exp Med Article Adult mice from seven different colonies were studied with regard to (a) the numbers and types of bacteria that could be cultivated from their stools; (b) their resistance to the lethal effect of endotoxins prepared from three strains of Gram-negative bacilli. See PDF for Structure In six of the seven colonies, the stools yielded large numbers of various types of lactobacilli, enterococci, and Gram-negative bacilli. Most animals in these colonies died within 48 hours following injection of endotoxin. The other mouse colony (NCS) has been maintained for the past three years at the Rockefeller Institute under exacting sanitary conditions; it is free of many types of common mouse pathogens. The stool flora of NCS mice yielded very large numbers of viable lactobacilli (10(9) per gm), representing at least three different morphological types. In contrast, it contained only few enterococci and Gram-negative bacilli (less than 10(6) per gm). Moreover, E. coli, Proteus sp., and Pseudomonas sp. could not be recovered from the stools under normal conditions. NCS mice proved resistant to the lethal effect of endotoxins. These characteristics of the NCS colony prevailed whether the animals were housed continuously in individual cages on wire grids, or grouped continuously in large cages with wood shavings as litter. However, the composition of the bacterial flora could be rapidly and profoundly altered by a variety of unrelated disturbances such as sudden changes in environmental temperature, crowding in cages, handling of the animals, administration of antibacterial drugs, etc. The first effect of the change was a marked decrease in the numbers of lactobacilli and commonly an increase in the numbers of Gram-negative bacilli and enterococci. When tested 3 weeks after these disturbances some NCS animals were found to have become susceptible to the lethal effects of endotoxin. The Rockefeller University Press 1962-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC2137400/ /pubmed/14497916 Text en Copyright © Copyright, 1962, by The Rockefeller Institute This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Schaedler, Russell W.
Dubos, René J.
THE FECAL FLORA OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF MICE. ITS BEARING ON THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ENDOTOXIN
title THE FECAL FLORA OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF MICE. ITS BEARING ON THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ENDOTOXIN
title_full THE FECAL FLORA OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF MICE. ITS BEARING ON THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ENDOTOXIN
title_fullStr THE FECAL FLORA OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF MICE. ITS BEARING ON THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ENDOTOXIN
title_full_unstemmed THE FECAL FLORA OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF MICE. ITS BEARING ON THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ENDOTOXIN
title_short THE FECAL FLORA OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF MICE. ITS BEARING ON THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ENDOTOXIN
title_sort fecal flora of various strains of mice. its bearing on their susceptibility to endotoxin
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2137400/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14497916
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