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HOMOGRAFT IMMUNITY IN PREGNANCY : THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY IN RABBITS

The mammalian fetus affixed to the uterine wall in some ways resembles a homograft, but maternal homograft immunity even when specifically directed against her fetuses fails to destroy them. The placental barrier appears to be critical in protecting the fetus against maternal immunologic attack. In...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lanman, Jonathan T., Herod, Llewellyn
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 1965
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2138069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5891444
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author Lanman, Jonathan T.
Herod, Llewellyn
author_facet Lanman, Jonathan T.
Herod, Llewellyn
author_sort Lanman, Jonathan T.
collection PubMed
description The mammalian fetus affixed to the uterine wall in some ways resembles a homograft, but maternal homograft immunity even when specifically directed against her fetuses fails to destroy them. The placental barrier appears to be critical in protecting the fetus against maternal immunologic attack. In order to evaluate the means by which it affords protection, we have measured in rabbits the transfer of cytotoxic antibody from mother to fetus. When the offspring were not the specific targets for maternal antibody, we found titers of cytotoxic antibody in the newborn animals at or near maternal levels in 16 of 18 cases (89 per cent), demonstrating the ability of this antibody to cross the rabbit placenta. When the offspring were appropriate targets for antibody, however, 11 of 18 newborn animals (61 per cent) had no demonstrable titer. We believe that in these latter cases, antibody had become fixed to antigenic sites and thereby had been removed from the fetal circulation. There was, however, no evidence of harm to any of the fetuses, either in survival (as demonstrated in a previous study) or in spleen or thymus weights or peripheral leukocyte and mononuclear cell counts. Cytotoxic antibody appears to reach the embryo early in gestation, since we found antibody in 8-day-old blastocyst fluid in each of 2 trials. We conclude that the fetus neither receives nor requires protection against cytotoxic antibody, and believe that fetal protection against maternal homograft immunity is afforded by a placental barrier to maternal mononuclear leukocytes.
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spelling pubmed-21380692008-04-17 HOMOGRAFT IMMUNITY IN PREGNANCY : THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY IN RABBITS Lanman, Jonathan T. Herod, Llewellyn J Exp Med Article The mammalian fetus affixed to the uterine wall in some ways resembles a homograft, but maternal homograft immunity even when specifically directed against her fetuses fails to destroy them. The placental barrier appears to be critical in protecting the fetus against maternal immunologic attack. In order to evaluate the means by which it affords protection, we have measured in rabbits the transfer of cytotoxic antibody from mother to fetus. When the offspring were not the specific targets for maternal antibody, we found titers of cytotoxic antibody in the newborn animals at or near maternal levels in 16 of 18 cases (89 per cent), demonstrating the ability of this antibody to cross the rabbit placenta. When the offspring were appropriate targets for antibody, however, 11 of 18 newborn animals (61 per cent) had no demonstrable titer. We believe that in these latter cases, antibody had become fixed to antigenic sites and thereby had been removed from the fetal circulation. There was, however, no evidence of harm to any of the fetuses, either in survival (as demonstrated in a previous study) or in spleen or thymus weights or peripheral leukocyte and mononuclear cell counts. Cytotoxic antibody appears to reach the embryo early in gestation, since we found antibody in 8-day-old blastocyst fluid in each of 2 trials. We conclude that the fetus neither receives nor requires protection against cytotoxic antibody, and believe that fetal protection against maternal homograft immunity is afforded by a placental barrier to maternal mononuclear leukocytes. The Rockefeller University Press 1965-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC2138069/ /pubmed/5891444 Text en Copyright © 1965 by The Rockefeller University Press This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lanman, Jonathan T.
Herod, Llewellyn
HOMOGRAFT IMMUNITY IN PREGNANCY : THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY IN RABBITS
title HOMOGRAFT IMMUNITY IN PREGNANCY : THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY IN RABBITS
title_full HOMOGRAFT IMMUNITY IN PREGNANCY : THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY IN RABBITS
title_fullStr HOMOGRAFT IMMUNITY IN PREGNANCY : THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY IN RABBITS
title_full_unstemmed HOMOGRAFT IMMUNITY IN PREGNANCY : THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY IN RABBITS
title_short HOMOGRAFT IMMUNITY IN PREGNANCY : THE PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY IN RABBITS
title_sort homograft immunity in pregnancy : the placental transfer of cytotoxic antibody in rabbits
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2138069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5891444
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