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STUDIES ON OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ON THE KINETICS OF OSMOSIS IN LIVING CELLS BY A DIFFRACTION METHOD

1. Osmotic equilibrium and kinetics of osmosis of living cells (unfertilized eggs of Arbacia punctulata) have been studied by a diffraction method. This method consists of illuminating a suspension of cells by parallel monochromatic light and measuring, by means of telescope and scale, the angular d...

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Autores principales: Lucké, Balduin, Larrabee, Martin G., Hartline, H. Keffer
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 1935
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2141423/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19872904
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author Lucké, Balduin
Larrabee, Martin G.
Hartline, H. Keffer
author_facet Lucké, Balduin
Larrabee, Martin G.
Hartline, H. Keffer
author_sort Lucké, Balduin
collection PubMed
description 1. Osmotic equilibrium and kinetics of osmosis of living cells (unfertilized eggs of Arbacia punctulata) have been studied by a diffraction method. This method consists of illuminating a suspension of cells by parallel monochromatic light and measuring, by means of telescope and scale, the angular dimensions of the resulting diffraction pattern from which the average volume of the cells may be computed. The method is far less laborious and possesses several advantages over direct measurement of individual cells. The average size of a large number of cells is obtained from a single measurement of the diffraction pattern and thus individual variability is averaged out. The observations can be made at intervals of a few seconds, permitting changes in volume to be followed satisfactorily. During the measurements the cells are in suspension and are constantly stirred. 2. Volumes of cells in equilibrium with solutions of different osmotic pressure have been determined. In agreement with our previous experiments, based upon direct microscope measurements, we have confirmed the applicability of the law of Boyle-van't Hoff to these cells; that is to say, the product of volume and pressure has been found to be approximately constant if allowance be made for the volume of osmotically inactive material of the cell contents. The volume of osmotically inactive material was found to be, on the average, 12 per cent of the initial cell volume; in eggs from different animals this value ranged from 6 to 20 per cent. 3. Permeability to water of the Arbacia egg has been found to average, at 22°C., 0.106 cubic micra of water per square micron of cell surface, per minute, per atmosphere of difference in osmotic pressure. 4. Permeability to ethylene glycol has been found to average, at 24°C., 4.0 x 10(–15) mols, per square micron of cell surface, per minute, for a concentration difference of 1 mol per liter. This is in agreement with the values reported by Stewart and Jacobs.
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spelling pubmed-21414232008-04-23 STUDIES ON OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ON THE KINETICS OF OSMOSIS IN LIVING CELLS BY A DIFFRACTION METHOD Lucké, Balduin Larrabee, Martin G. Hartline, H. Keffer J Gen Physiol Article 1. Osmotic equilibrium and kinetics of osmosis of living cells (unfertilized eggs of Arbacia punctulata) have been studied by a diffraction method. This method consists of illuminating a suspension of cells by parallel monochromatic light and measuring, by means of telescope and scale, the angular dimensions of the resulting diffraction pattern from which the average volume of the cells may be computed. The method is far less laborious and possesses several advantages over direct measurement of individual cells. The average size of a large number of cells is obtained from a single measurement of the diffraction pattern and thus individual variability is averaged out. The observations can be made at intervals of a few seconds, permitting changes in volume to be followed satisfactorily. During the measurements the cells are in suspension and are constantly stirred. 2. Volumes of cells in equilibrium with solutions of different osmotic pressure have been determined. In agreement with our previous experiments, based upon direct microscope measurements, we have confirmed the applicability of the law of Boyle-van't Hoff to these cells; that is to say, the product of volume and pressure has been found to be approximately constant if allowance be made for the volume of osmotically inactive material of the cell contents. The volume of osmotically inactive material was found to be, on the average, 12 per cent of the initial cell volume; in eggs from different animals this value ranged from 6 to 20 per cent. 3. Permeability to water of the Arbacia egg has been found to average, at 22°C., 0.106 cubic micra of water per square micron of cell surface, per minute, per atmosphere of difference in osmotic pressure. 4. Permeability to ethylene glycol has been found to average, at 24°C., 4.0 x 10(–15) mols, per square micron of cell surface, per minute, for a concentration difference of 1 mol per liter. This is in agreement with the values reported by Stewart and Jacobs. The Rockefeller University Press 1935-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC2141423/ /pubmed/19872904 Text en Copyright © Copyright, 1935, by The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lucké, Balduin
Larrabee, Martin G.
Hartline, H. Keffer
STUDIES ON OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ON THE KINETICS OF OSMOSIS IN LIVING CELLS BY A DIFFRACTION METHOD
title STUDIES ON OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ON THE KINETICS OF OSMOSIS IN LIVING CELLS BY A DIFFRACTION METHOD
title_full STUDIES ON OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ON THE KINETICS OF OSMOSIS IN LIVING CELLS BY A DIFFRACTION METHOD
title_fullStr STUDIES ON OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ON THE KINETICS OF OSMOSIS IN LIVING CELLS BY A DIFFRACTION METHOD
title_full_unstemmed STUDIES ON OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ON THE KINETICS OF OSMOSIS IN LIVING CELLS BY A DIFFRACTION METHOD
title_short STUDIES ON OSMOTIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ON THE KINETICS OF OSMOSIS IN LIVING CELLS BY A DIFFRACTION METHOD
title_sort studies on osmotic equilibrium and on the kinetics of osmosis in living cells by a diffraction method
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2141423/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19872904
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