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Albumin-Associated Lipids Regulate Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal
BACKGROUND: Although human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great promise as a source of differentiated cells to treat several human diseases, many obstacles still need to be surmounted before this can become a reality. First among these, a robust chemically-defined system to expand hESCs in cultur...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2008
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2148252/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18167543 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001384 |
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author | Garcia-Gonzalo, Francesc R. Izpisúa Belmonte, Juan Carlos |
author_facet | Garcia-Gonzalo, Francesc R. Izpisúa Belmonte, Juan Carlos |
author_sort | Garcia-Gonzalo, Francesc R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Although human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great promise as a source of differentiated cells to treat several human diseases, many obstacles still need to be surmounted before this can become a reality. First among these, a robust chemically-defined system to expand hESCs in culture is still unavailable despite recent advances in the understanding of factors controlling hESC self-renewal. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study, we attempted to find new molecules that stimulate long term hESC self-renewal. In order to do this, we started from the observation that a commercially available serum replacement product has a strong positive effect on the expansion of undifferentiated hESCs when added to a previously reported chemically-defined medium. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that the active ingredient within the serum replacement is lipid-rich albumin. Furthermore, we show that this activity is trypsin-resistant, strongly suggesting that lipids and not albumin are responsible for the effect. Consistent with this, lipid-poor albumin shows no detectable activity. Finally, we identified the major lipids bound to the lipid-rich albumin and tested several lipid candidates for the effect. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our discovery of the role played by albumin-associated lipids in stimulating hESC self-renewal constitutes a significant advance in the knowledge of how hESC pluripotency is maintained by extracellular factors and has important applications in the development of increasingly chemically defined hESC culture systems. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2148252 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2008 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-21482522008-01-02 Albumin-Associated Lipids Regulate Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal Garcia-Gonzalo, Francesc R. Izpisúa Belmonte, Juan Carlos PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Although human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great promise as a source of differentiated cells to treat several human diseases, many obstacles still need to be surmounted before this can become a reality. First among these, a robust chemically-defined system to expand hESCs in culture is still unavailable despite recent advances in the understanding of factors controlling hESC self-renewal. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study, we attempted to find new molecules that stimulate long term hESC self-renewal. In order to do this, we started from the observation that a commercially available serum replacement product has a strong positive effect on the expansion of undifferentiated hESCs when added to a previously reported chemically-defined medium. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that the active ingredient within the serum replacement is lipid-rich albumin. Furthermore, we show that this activity is trypsin-resistant, strongly suggesting that lipids and not albumin are responsible for the effect. Consistent with this, lipid-poor albumin shows no detectable activity. Finally, we identified the major lipids bound to the lipid-rich albumin and tested several lipid candidates for the effect. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our discovery of the role played by albumin-associated lipids in stimulating hESC self-renewal constitutes a significant advance in the knowledge of how hESC pluripotency is maintained by extracellular factors and has important applications in the development of increasingly chemically defined hESC culture systems. Public Library of Science 2008-01-02 /pmc/articles/PMC2148252/ /pubmed/18167543 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001384 Text en Garcia-Gonzalo, Izpisúa Belmonte. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Garcia-Gonzalo, Francesc R. Izpisúa Belmonte, Juan Carlos Albumin-Associated Lipids Regulate Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal |
title | Albumin-Associated Lipids Regulate Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal |
title_full | Albumin-Associated Lipids Regulate Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal |
title_fullStr | Albumin-Associated Lipids Regulate Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal |
title_full_unstemmed | Albumin-Associated Lipids Regulate Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal |
title_short | Albumin-Associated Lipids Regulate Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal |
title_sort | albumin-associated lipids regulate human embryonic stem cell self-renewal |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2148252/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18167543 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001384 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT garciagonzalofrancescr albuminassociatedlipidsregulatehumanembryonicstemcellselfrenewal AT izpisuabelmontejuancarlos albuminassociatedlipidsregulatehumanembryonicstemcellselfrenewal |