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X chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing
In mammals, dosage compensation is achieved by X chromosome inactivation in female cells. Xist is required and sufficient for X inactivation, and Xist gene deletions result in completely skewed X inactivation. In this work, we analyzed skewing of X inactivation in mice with an Xist deletion encompas...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Rockefeller University Press
2005
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2171734/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15668296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200405117 |
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author | Gribnau, Joost Luikenhuis, Sandra Hochedlinger, Konrad Monkhorst, Kim Jaenisch, Rudolf |
author_facet | Gribnau, Joost Luikenhuis, Sandra Hochedlinger, Konrad Monkhorst, Kim Jaenisch, Rudolf |
author_sort | Gribnau, Joost |
collection | PubMed |
description | In mammals, dosage compensation is achieved by X chromosome inactivation in female cells. Xist is required and sufficient for X inactivation, and Xist gene deletions result in completely skewed X inactivation. In this work, we analyzed skewing of X inactivation in mice with an Xist deletion encompassing sequence 5 KB upstream of the promoter through exon 3. We found that this mutation results in primary nonrandom X inactivation in which the wild-type X chromosome is always chosen for inactivation. To understand the molecular mechanisms that affect choice, we analyzed the role of replication timing in X inactivation choice. We found that the two Xist alleles and all regions tested on the X chromosome replicate asynchronously before the start of X inactivation. However, analysis of replication timing in cell lines with skewed X inactivation showed no preference for one of the two Xist alleles to replicate early in S-phase before the onset of X inactivation, indicating that asynchronous replication timing does not play a role in skewing of X inactivation. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2171734 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2005 |
publisher | The Rockefeller University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-21717342008-03-05 X chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing Gribnau, Joost Luikenhuis, Sandra Hochedlinger, Konrad Monkhorst, Kim Jaenisch, Rudolf J Cell Biol Research Articles In mammals, dosage compensation is achieved by X chromosome inactivation in female cells. Xist is required and sufficient for X inactivation, and Xist gene deletions result in completely skewed X inactivation. In this work, we analyzed skewing of X inactivation in mice with an Xist deletion encompassing sequence 5 KB upstream of the promoter through exon 3. We found that this mutation results in primary nonrandom X inactivation in which the wild-type X chromosome is always chosen for inactivation. To understand the molecular mechanisms that affect choice, we analyzed the role of replication timing in X inactivation choice. We found that the two Xist alleles and all regions tested on the X chromosome replicate asynchronously before the start of X inactivation. However, analysis of replication timing in cell lines with skewed X inactivation showed no preference for one of the two Xist alleles to replicate early in S-phase before the onset of X inactivation, indicating that asynchronous replication timing does not play a role in skewing of X inactivation. The Rockefeller University Press 2005-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC2171734/ /pubmed/15668296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200405117 Text en Copyright © 2005, The Rockefeller University Press This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Gribnau, Joost Luikenhuis, Sandra Hochedlinger, Konrad Monkhorst, Kim Jaenisch, Rudolf X chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing |
title | X chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing |
title_full | X chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing |
title_fullStr | X chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing |
title_full_unstemmed | X chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing |
title_short | X chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing |
title_sort | x chromosome choice occurs independently of asynchronous replication timing |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2171734/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15668296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200405117 |
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