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A Functional Genomic Yeast Screen to Identify Pathogenic Bacterial Proteins

Many bacterial pathogens promote infection and cause disease by directly injecting into host cells proteins that manipulate eukaryotic cellular processes. Identification of these translocated proteins is essential to understanding pathogenesis. Yet, their identification remains limited. This, in par...

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Autores principales: Slagowski, Naomi L, Kramer, Roger W, Morrison, Monica F, LaBaer, Joshua, Lesser, Cammie F
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211553/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18208325
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0040009
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author Slagowski, Naomi L
Kramer, Roger W
Morrison, Monica F
LaBaer, Joshua
Lesser, Cammie F
author_facet Slagowski, Naomi L
Kramer, Roger W
Morrison, Monica F
LaBaer, Joshua
Lesser, Cammie F
author_sort Slagowski, Naomi L
collection PubMed
description Many bacterial pathogens promote infection and cause disease by directly injecting into host cells proteins that manipulate eukaryotic cellular processes. Identification of these translocated proteins is essential to understanding pathogenesis. Yet, their identification remains limited. This, in part, is due to their general sequence uniqueness, which confounds homology-based identification by comparative genomic methods. In addition, their absence often does not result in phenotypes in virulence assays limiting functional genetic screens. Translocated proteins have been observed to confer toxic phenotypes when expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This observation suggests that yeast growth inhibition can be used as an indicator of protein translocation in functional genomic screens. However, limited information is available regarding the behavior of non-translocated proteins in yeast. We developed a semi-automated quantitative assay to monitor the growth of hundreds of yeast strains in parallel. We observed that expression of half of the 19 Shigella translocated proteins tested but almost none of the 20 non-translocated Shigella proteins nor ∼1,000 Francisella tularensis proteins significantly inhibited yeast growth. Not only does this study establish that yeast growth inhibition is a sensitive and specific indicator of translocated proteins, but we also identified a new substrate of the Shigella type III secretion system (TTSS), IpaJ, previously missed by other experimental approaches. In those cases where the mechanisms of action of the translocated proteins are known, significant yeast growth inhibition correlated with the targeting of conserved cellular processes. By providing positive rather than negative indication of activity our assay complements existing approaches for identification of translocated proteins. In addition, because this assay only requires genomic DNA it is particularly valuable for studying pathogens that are difficult to genetically manipulate or dangerous to culture.
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spelling pubmed-22115532008-01-23 A Functional Genomic Yeast Screen to Identify Pathogenic Bacterial Proteins Slagowski, Naomi L Kramer, Roger W Morrison, Monica F LaBaer, Joshua Lesser, Cammie F PLoS Pathog Research Article Many bacterial pathogens promote infection and cause disease by directly injecting into host cells proteins that manipulate eukaryotic cellular processes. Identification of these translocated proteins is essential to understanding pathogenesis. Yet, their identification remains limited. This, in part, is due to their general sequence uniqueness, which confounds homology-based identification by comparative genomic methods. In addition, their absence often does not result in phenotypes in virulence assays limiting functional genetic screens. Translocated proteins have been observed to confer toxic phenotypes when expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This observation suggests that yeast growth inhibition can be used as an indicator of protein translocation in functional genomic screens. However, limited information is available regarding the behavior of non-translocated proteins in yeast. We developed a semi-automated quantitative assay to monitor the growth of hundreds of yeast strains in parallel. We observed that expression of half of the 19 Shigella translocated proteins tested but almost none of the 20 non-translocated Shigella proteins nor ∼1,000 Francisella tularensis proteins significantly inhibited yeast growth. Not only does this study establish that yeast growth inhibition is a sensitive and specific indicator of translocated proteins, but we also identified a new substrate of the Shigella type III secretion system (TTSS), IpaJ, previously missed by other experimental approaches. In those cases where the mechanisms of action of the translocated proteins are known, significant yeast growth inhibition correlated with the targeting of conserved cellular processes. By providing positive rather than negative indication of activity our assay complements existing approaches for identification of translocated proteins. In addition, because this assay only requires genomic DNA it is particularly valuable for studying pathogens that are difficult to genetically manipulate or dangerous to culture. Public Library of Science 2008-01 2008-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC2211553/ /pubmed/18208325 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0040009 Text en © 2008 Slagowski et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Slagowski, Naomi L
Kramer, Roger W
Morrison, Monica F
LaBaer, Joshua
Lesser, Cammie F
A Functional Genomic Yeast Screen to Identify Pathogenic Bacterial Proteins
title A Functional Genomic Yeast Screen to Identify Pathogenic Bacterial Proteins
title_full A Functional Genomic Yeast Screen to Identify Pathogenic Bacterial Proteins
title_fullStr A Functional Genomic Yeast Screen to Identify Pathogenic Bacterial Proteins
title_full_unstemmed A Functional Genomic Yeast Screen to Identify Pathogenic Bacterial Proteins
title_short A Functional Genomic Yeast Screen to Identify Pathogenic Bacterial Proteins
title_sort functional genomic yeast screen to identify pathogenic bacterial proteins
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211553/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18208325
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0040009
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