Cargando…

Perturbation of Organogenesis by the Herbicide Atrazine in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis

BACKGROUND: Exposure to anthropogenic chemicals during development can disrupt the morphogenesis of organ systems. Use of the herbicide atrazine has been debated in recent years because of its implicated, but poorly characterized, effects on vertebrates. Previous studies primarily examined the effec...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lenkowski, Jenny R., Reed, J. Michael, Deininger, Lisa, McLaughlin, Kelly A.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2235211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18288322
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.10742
_version_ 1782150386795151360
author Lenkowski, Jenny R.
Reed, J. Michael
Deininger, Lisa
McLaughlin, Kelly A.
author_facet Lenkowski, Jenny R.
Reed, J. Michael
Deininger, Lisa
McLaughlin, Kelly A.
author_sort Lenkowski, Jenny R.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Exposure to anthropogenic chemicals during development can disrupt the morphogenesis of organ systems. Use of the herbicide atrazine has been debated in recent years because of its implicated, but poorly characterized, effects on vertebrates. Previous studies primarily examined the effects of atrazine exposure during metamorphosis or early developmental stages of amphibians. OBJECTIVES: We sought to identify and characterize the susceptibility during the often-overlooked developmental stage of organ morphogenesis. METHODS: We used a static renewal experimental treatment to investigate the effects of 10, 25, and 35 mg/L atrazine from early organ morphogenesis through the onset of tadpole feeding in the aquatic amphibian model system, Xenopus laevis. We quantified malformations of the body axis, heart, and intestine, as well as apoptosis in the midbrain and pronephric kidney. RESULTS: We found a significant dose-dependent increase in the percentage of atrazine-exposed tadpoles with malformations of multiple tissues including the main body axis, circulatory system, kidney, and digestive system. Incidence of apoptotic cells also increased in the both midbrain and kidney of atrazine-exposed tadpoles. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that acute atrazine exposure (10–35 mg/L for ≤ 48 hr) during early organ morphogenesis disrupts proper organ development in an amphibian model system. The concurrent atrazine-induced apoptosis in the pronephric kidney and midbrain begins to elucidate a mechanism by which atrazine may disrupt developmental processes in nontarget organisms.
format Text
id pubmed-2235211
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2008
publisher National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-22352112008-02-20 Perturbation of Organogenesis by the Herbicide Atrazine in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis Lenkowski, Jenny R. Reed, J. Michael Deininger, Lisa McLaughlin, Kelly A. Environ Health Perspect Research BACKGROUND: Exposure to anthropogenic chemicals during development can disrupt the morphogenesis of organ systems. Use of the herbicide atrazine has been debated in recent years because of its implicated, but poorly characterized, effects on vertebrates. Previous studies primarily examined the effects of atrazine exposure during metamorphosis or early developmental stages of amphibians. OBJECTIVES: We sought to identify and characterize the susceptibility during the often-overlooked developmental stage of organ morphogenesis. METHODS: We used a static renewal experimental treatment to investigate the effects of 10, 25, and 35 mg/L atrazine from early organ morphogenesis through the onset of tadpole feeding in the aquatic amphibian model system, Xenopus laevis. We quantified malformations of the body axis, heart, and intestine, as well as apoptosis in the midbrain and pronephric kidney. RESULTS: We found a significant dose-dependent increase in the percentage of atrazine-exposed tadpoles with malformations of multiple tissues including the main body axis, circulatory system, kidney, and digestive system. Incidence of apoptotic cells also increased in the both midbrain and kidney of atrazine-exposed tadpoles. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that acute atrazine exposure (10–35 mg/L for ≤ 48 hr) during early organ morphogenesis disrupts proper organ development in an amphibian model system. The concurrent atrazine-induced apoptosis in the pronephric kidney and midbrain begins to elucidate a mechanism by which atrazine may disrupt developmental processes in nontarget organisms. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2008-02 2007-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC2235211/ /pubmed/18288322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.10742 Text en http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, ?Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives?); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright.
spellingShingle Research
Lenkowski, Jenny R.
Reed, J. Michael
Deininger, Lisa
McLaughlin, Kelly A.
Perturbation of Organogenesis by the Herbicide Atrazine in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis
title Perturbation of Organogenesis by the Herbicide Atrazine in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis
title_full Perturbation of Organogenesis by the Herbicide Atrazine in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis
title_fullStr Perturbation of Organogenesis by the Herbicide Atrazine in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis
title_full_unstemmed Perturbation of Organogenesis by the Herbicide Atrazine in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis
title_short Perturbation of Organogenesis by the Herbicide Atrazine in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis
title_sort perturbation of organogenesis by the herbicide atrazine in the amphibian xenopus laevis
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2235211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18288322
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.10742
work_keys_str_mv AT lenkowskijennyr perturbationoforganogenesisbytheherbicideatrazineintheamphibianxenopuslaevis
AT reedjmichael perturbationoforganogenesisbytheherbicideatrazineintheamphibianxenopuslaevis
AT deiningerlisa perturbationoforganogenesisbytheherbicideatrazineintheamphibianxenopuslaevis
AT mclaughlinkellya perturbationoforganogenesisbytheherbicideatrazineintheamphibianxenopuslaevis