Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- [Formula: see text] Is a Potent Target for Prevention and Treatment in Human Prostate and Testicular Cancer

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- [Formula: see text] (PPAR)- [Formula: see text] is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor belonging to steroid receptor superfamily. PPAR- [Formula: see text] plays a role in both adipocyte differentiation and tumorigenesis. Up to date, PPAR- [Formula: see text] is expressed in various cancer tissues, and PPAR- [Formula: see text] ligand induces growth arrest of these cancer cells. In this study, we examined the expression of PPAR- [Formula: see text] in prostate cancer (PC) and testicular cancer (TC) by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, and we also examined the effect of PPAR- [Formula: see text] ligand in these cells by MTT assay, hoechest staining, and flow cytometry. PPAR- [Formula: see text] expression was significantly more extensive and intense in malignant tissues than in normal tissues. PPAR- [Formula: see text] ligand induced the reduction of malignant cell viability through apoptosis. These results demonstrated that the generated PPAR- [Formula: see text] in PC and TC cells might play an important role in the tumorigenesis. PPAR- [Formula: see text] may become a new target in the treatment of PC and TC.