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Evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in Drosophila subobscura

BACKGROUND: Natural selection and genetic drift are major forces responsible for temporal genetic changes in populations. Furthermore, these evolutionary forces may interact with each other. Here we study the impact of an ongoing adaptive process at the molecular genetic level by analyzing the tempo...

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Autores principales: Simões, Pedro, Pascual, Marta, Santos, Josiane, Rose, Michael R, Matos, Margarida
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2266711/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18302790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-66
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author Simões, Pedro
Pascual, Marta
Santos, Josiane
Rose, Michael R
Matos, Margarida
author_facet Simões, Pedro
Pascual, Marta
Santos, Josiane
Rose, Michael R
Matos, Margarida
author_sort Simões, Pedro
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Natural selection and genetic drift are major forces responsible for temporal genetic changes in populations. Furthermore, these evolutionary forces may interact with each other. Here we study the impact of an ongoing adaptive process at the molecular genetic level by analyzing the temporal genetic changes throughout 40 generations of adaptation to a common laboratory environment. Specifically, genetic variability, population differentiation and demographic structure were compared in two replicated groups of Drosophila subobscura populations recently sampled from different wild sources. RESULTS: We found evidence for a decline in genetic variability through time, along with an increase in genetic differentiation between all populations studied. The observed decline in genetic variability was higher during the first 14 generations of laboratory adaptation. The two groups of replicated populations showed overall similarity in variability patterns. Our results also revealed changing demographic structure of the populations during laboratory evolution, with lower effective population sizes in the early phase of the adaptive process. One of the ten microsatellites analyzed showed a clearly distinct temporal pattern of allele frequency change, suggesting the occurrence of positive selection affecting the region around that particular locus. CONCLUSION: Genetic drift was responsible for most of the divergence and loss of variability between and within replicates, with most changes occurring during the first generations of laboratory adaptation. We also found evidence suggesting a selective sweep, despite the low number of molecular markers analyzed. Overall, there was a similarity of evolutionary dynamics at the molecular level in our laboratory populations, despite distinct genetic backgrounds and some differences in phenotypic evolution.
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spelling pubmed-22667112008-03-11 Evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in Drosophila subobscura Simões, Pedro Pascual, Marta Santos, Josiane Rose, Michael R Matos, Margarida BMC Evol Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Natural selection and genetic drift are major forces responsible for temporal genetic changes in populations. Furthermore, these evolutionary forces may interact with each other. Here we study the impact of an ongoing adaptive process at the molecular genetic level by analyzing the temporal genetic changes throughout 40 generations of adaptation to a common laboratory environment. Specifically, genetic variability, population differentiation and demographic structure were compared in two replicated groups of Drosophila subobscura populations recently sampled from different wild sources. RESULTS: We found evidence for a decline in genetic variability through time, along with an increase in genetic differentiation between all populations studied. The observed decline in genetic variability was higher during the first 14 generations of laboratory adaptation. The two groups of replicated populations showed overall similarity in variability patterns. Our results also revealed changing demographic structure of the populations during laboratory evolution, with lower effective population sizes in the early phase of the adaptive process. One of the ten microsatellites analyzed showed a clearly distinct temporal pattern of allele frequency change, suggesting the occurrence of positive selection affecting the region around that particular locus. CONCLUSION: Genetic drift was responsible for most of the divergence and loss of variability between and within replicates, with most changes occurring during the first generations of laboratory adaptation. We also found evidence suggesting a selective sweep, despite the low number of molecular markers analyzed. Overall, there was a similarity of evolutionary dynamics at the molecular level in our laboratory populations, despite distinct genetic backgrounds and some differences in phenotypic evolution. BioMed Central 2008-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC2266711/ /pubmed/18302790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-66 Text en Copyright ©2008 Simões et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Simões, Pedro
Pascual, Marta
Santos, Josiane
Rose, Michael R
Matos, Margarida
Evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in Drosophila subobscura
title Evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in Drosophila subobscura
title_full Evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in Drosophila subobscura
title_fullStr Evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in Drosophila subobscura
title_full_unstemmed Evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in Drosophila subobscura
title_short Evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in Drosophila subobscura
title_sort evolutionary dynamics of molecular markers during local adaptation: a case study in drosophila subobscura
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2266711/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18302790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-66
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