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MEG event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with ADHD

BACKGROUND: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent, complex disorder which is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Convergent evidence from neurobiological studies of ADHD identifies dysfunction in fronto-striatal-cerebellar circuitry as t...

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Autores principales: Dockstader, Colleen, Gaetz, William, Cheyne, Douglas, Wang, Frank, Castellanos, F Xavier, Tannock, Rosemary
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2266931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18269747
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1744-9081-4-8
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author Dockstader, Colleen
Gaetz, William
Cheyne, Douglas
Wang, Frank
Castellanos, F Xavier
Tannock, Rosemary
author_facet Dockstader, Colleen
Gaetz, William
Cheyne, Douglas
Wang, Frank
Castellanos, F Xavier
Tannock, Rosemary
author_sort Dockstader, Colleen
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent, complex disorder which is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Convergent evidence from neurobiological studies of ADHD identifies dysfunction in fronto-striatal-cerebellar circuitry as the source of behavioural deficits. Recent studies have shown that regions governing basic sensory processing, such as the somatosensory cortex, show abnormalities in those with ADHD suggesting that these processes may also be compromised. METHODS: We used event-related magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine patterns of cortical rhythms in the primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortices in response to median nerve stimulation, in 9 adults with ADHD and 10 healthy controls. Stimuli were brief (0.2 ms) non-painful electrical pulses presented to the median nerve in two counterbalanced conditions: unpredictable and predictable stimulus presentation. We measured changes in strength, synchronicity, and frequency of cortical rhythms. RESULTS: Healthy comparison group showed strong event-related desynchrony and synchrony in SI and SII. By contrast, those with ADHD showed significantly weaker event-related desynchrony and event-related synchrony in the alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (15–30 Hz) bands, respectively. This was most striking during random presentation of median nerve stimulation. Adults with ADHD showed significantly shorter duration of beta rebound in both SI and SII except for when the onset of the stimulus event could be predicted. In this case, the rhythmicity of SI (but not SII) in the ADHD group did not differ from that of controls. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that somatosensory processing is altered in individuals with ADHD. MEG constitutes a promising approach to profiling patterns of neural activity during the processing of sensory input (e.g., detection of a tactile stimulus, stimulus predictability) and facilitating our understanding of how basic sensory processing may underlie and/or be influenced by more complex neural networks involved in higher order processing.
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spelling pubmed-22669312008-03-12 MEG event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with ADHD Dockstader, Colleen Gaetz, William Cheyne, Douglas Wang, Frank Castellanos, F Xavier Tannock, Rosemary Behav Brain Funct Research BACKGROUND: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent, complex disorder which is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Convergent evidence from neurobiological studies of ADHD identifies dysfunction in fronto-striatal-cerebellar circuitry as the source of behavioural deficits. Recent studies have shown that regions governing basic sensory processing, such as the somatosensory cortex, show abnormalities in those with ADHD suggesting that these processes may also be compromised. METHODS: We used event-related magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine patterns of cortical rhythms in the primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortices in response to median nerve stimulation, in 9 adults with ADHD and 10 healthy controls. Stimuli were brief (0.2 ms) non-painful electrical pulses presented to the median nerve in two counterbalanced conditions: unpredictable and predictable stimulus presentation. We measured changes in strength, synchronicity, and frequency of cortical rhythms. RESULTS: Healthy comparison group showed strong event-related desynchrony and synchrony in SI and SII. By contrast, those with ADHD showed significantly weaker event-related desynchrony and event-related synchrony in the alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (15–30 Hz) bands, respectively. This was most striking during random presentation of median nerve stimulation. Adults with ADHD showed significantly shorter duration of beta rebound in both SI and SII except for when the onset of the stimulus event could be predicted. In this case, the rhythmicity of SI (but not SII) in the ADHD group did not differ from that of controls. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that somatosensory processing is altered in individuals with ADHD. MEG constitutes a promising approach to profiling patterns of neural activity during the processing of sensory input (e.g., detection of a tactile stimulus, stimulus predictability) and facilitating our understanding of how basic sensory processing may underlie and/or be influenced by more complex neural networks involved in higher order processing. BioMed Central 2008-02-12 /pmc/articles/PMC2266931/ /pubmed/18269747 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1744-9081-4-8 Text en Copyright © 2008 Dockstader et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Dockstader, Colleen
Gaetz, William
Cheyne, Douglas
Wang, Frank
Castellanos, F Xavier
Tannock, Rosemary
MEG event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with ADHD
title MEG event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with ADHD
title_full MEG event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with ADHD
title_fullStr MEG event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with ADHD
title_full_unstemmed MEG event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with ADHD
title_short MEG event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with ADHD
title_sort meg event-related desynchronization and synchronization deficits during basic somatosensory processing in individuals with adhd
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2266931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18269747
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1744-9081-4-8
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