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Neuroarchitecture of Aminergic Systems in the Larval Ventral Ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster
Biogenic amines are important signaling molecules in the central nervous system of both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, biogenic amines take part in the regulation of various vital physiological processes such as feeding, learning/memory, locomotion, sexual b...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2008
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2268740/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18365004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001848 |
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author | Vömel, Matthias Wegener, Christian |
author_facet | Vömel, Matthias Wegener, Christian |
author_sort | Vömel, Matthias |
collection | PubMed |
description | Biogenic amines are important signaling molecules in the central nervous system of both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, biogenic amines take part in the regulation of various vital physiological processes such as feeding, learning/memory, locomotion, sexual behavior, and sleep/arousal. Consequently, several morphological studies have analyzed the distribution of aminergic neurons in the CNS. Previous descriptions, however, did not determine the exact spatial location of aminergic neurite arborizations within the neuropil. The release sites and pre-/postsynaptic compartments of aminergic neurons also remained largely unidentified. We here used gal4-driven marker gene expression and immunocytochemistry to map presumed serotonergic (5-HT), dopaminergic, and tyraminergic/octopaminergic neurons in the thoracic and abdominal neuromeres of the Drosophila larval ventral ganglion relying on Fasciclin2-immunoreactive tracts as three-dimensional landmarks. With tyrosine hydroxylase- (TH) or tyrosine decarboxylase 2 (TDC2)-specific gal4-drivers, we also analyzed the distribution of ectopically expressed neuronal compartment markers in presumptive dopaminergic TH and tyraminergic/octopaminergic TDC2 neurons, respectively. Our results suggest that thoracic and abdominal 5-HT and TH neurons are exclusively interneurons whereas most TDC2 neurons are efferent. 5-HT and TH neurons are ideally positioned to integrate sensory information and to modulate neuronal transmission within the ventral ganglion, while most TDC2 neurons appear to act peripherally. In contrast to 5-HT neurons, TH and TDC2 neurons each comprise morphologically different neuron subsets with separated in- and output compartments in specific neuropil regions. The three-dimensional mapping of aminergic neurons now facilitates the identification of neuronal network contacts and co-localized signaling molecules, as exemplified for DOPA decarboxylase-synthesizing neurons that co-express crustacean cardioactive peptide and myoinhibiting peptides. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2268740 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2008 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-22687402008-03-26 Neuroarchitecture of Aminergic Systems in the Larval Ventral Ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster Vömel, Matthias Wegener, Christian PLoS One Research Article Biogenic amines are important signaling molecules in the central nervous system of both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, biogenic amines take part in the regulation of various vital physiological processes such as feeding, learning/memory, locomotion, sexual behavior, and sleep/arousal. Consequently, several morphological studies have analyzed the distribution of aminergic neurons in the CNS. Previous descriptions, however, did not determine the exact spatial location of aminergic neurite arborizations within the neuropil. The release sites and pre-/postsynaptic compartments of aminergic neurons also remained largely unidentified. We here used gal4-driven marker gene expression and immunocytochemistry to map presumed serotonergic (5-HT), dopaminergic, and tyraminergic/octopaminergic neurons in the thoracic and abdominal neuromeres of the Drosophila larval ventral ganglion relying on Fasciclin2-immunoreactive tracts as three-dimensional landmarks. With tyrosine hydroxylase- (TH) or tyrosine decarboxylase 2 (TDC2)-specific gal4-drivers, we also analyzed the distribution of ectopically expressed neuronal compartment markers in presumptive dopaminergic TH and tyraminergic/octopaminergic TDC2 neurons, respectively. Our results suggest that thoracic and abdominal 5-HT and TH neurons are exclusively interneurons whereas most TDC2 neurons are efferent. 5-HT and TH neurons are ideally positioned to integrate sensory information and to modulate neuronal transmission within the ventral ganglion, while most TDC2 neurons appear to act peripherally. In contrast to 5-HT neurons, TH and TDC2 neurons each comprise morphologically different neuron subsets with separated in- and output compartments in specific neuropil regions. The three-dimensional mapping of aminergic neurons now facilitates the identification of neuronal network contacts and co-localized signaling molecules, as exemplified for DOPA decarboxylase-synthesizing neurons that co-express crustacean cardioactive peptide and myoinhibiting peptides. Public Library of Science 2008-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC2268740/ /pubmed/18365004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001848 Text en Vömel, Wegener. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Vömel, Matthias Wegener, Christian Neuroarchitecture of Aminergic Systems in the Larval Ventral Ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster |
title | Neuroarchitecture of Aminergic Systems in the Larval Ventral Ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster
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title_full | Neuroarchitecture of Aminergic Systems in the Larval Ventral Ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster
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title_fullStr | Neuroarchitecture of Aminergic Systems in the Larval Ventral Ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster
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title_full_unstemmed | Neuroarchitecture of Aminergic Systems in the Larval Ventral Ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster
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title_short | Neuroarchitecture of Aminergic Systems in the Larval Ventral Ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster
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title_sort | neuroarchitecture of aminergic systems in the larval ventral ganglion of drosophila melanogaster |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2268740/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18365004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001848 |
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