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Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1
BACKGROUND: Overexpression of the human DYRK1A gene due to the presence of a third gene copy in trisomy 21 is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome. The observation of gene dosage effects in transgenic mouse models implies that subtle changes in expression levels can affect the...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2008
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2292204/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18366763 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2199-9-30 |
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author | Maenz, Barbara Hekerman, Paul Vela, Eva M Galceran, Juan Becker, Walter |
author_facet | Maenz, Barbara Hekerman, Paul Vela, Eva M Galceran, Juan Becker, Walter |
author_sort | Maenz, Barbara |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Overexpression of the human DYRK1A gene due to the presence of a third gene copy in trisomy 21 is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome. The observation of gene dosage effects in transgenic mouse models implies that subtle changes in expression levels can affect the correct function of the DYRK1A gene product. We have therefore characterized the promoter of the human DYRK1A gene in order to study its transcriptional regulation. RESULTS: Transcription start sites of the human DYRK1A gene are distributed over 800 bp within a region previously identified as an unmethylated CpG island. We have identified a new alternative noncoding 5'-exon of the DYRK1A gene which is located 772 bp upstream of the previously described transcription start site. Transcription of the two splicing variants is controlled by non-overlapping promoter regions that can independently drive reporter gene expression. We found no evidence of cell- or tissue-specific promoter usage, but the two promoter regions differed in their activity and their regulation. The sequence upstream of exon 1A (promoter region A) induced about 10-fold higher reporter gene activity than the sequence upstream of exon 1B (promoter region B). Overexpression of the transcription factor E2F1 increased DYRK1A mRNA levels in Saos2 and Phoenix cells and enhanced the activity of promoter region B three- to fourfold. CONCLUSION: The identification of two alternatively spliced transcripts whose transcription is initiated from differentially regulated promoters regions indicates that the expression of the DYRK1A gene is subject to complex control mechanisms. The regulatory effect of E2F1 suggests that DYRK1A may play a role in cell cycle regulation or apoptosis. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2292204 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2008 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-22922042008-04-11 Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1 Maenz, Barbara Hekerman, Paul Vela, Eva M Galceran, Juan Becker, Walter BMC Mol Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Overexpression of the human DYRK1A gene due to the presence of a third gene copy in trisomy 21 is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome. The observation of gene dosage effects in transgenic mouse models implies that subtle changes in expression levels can affect the correct function of the DYRK1A gene product. We have therefore characterized the promoter of the human DYRK1A gene in order to study its transcriptional regulation. RESULTS: Transcription start sites of the human DYRK1A gene are distributed over 800 bp within a region previously identified as an unmethylated CpG island. We have identified a new alternative noncoding 5'-exon of the DYRK1A gene which is located 772 bp upstream of the previously described transcription start site. Transcription of the two splicing variants is controlled by non-overlapping promoter regions that can independently drive reporter gene expression. We found no evidence of cell- or tissue-specific promoter usage, but the two promoter regions differed in their activity and their regulation. The sequence upstream of exon 1A (promoter region A) induced about 10-fold higher reporter gene activity than the sequence upstream of exon 1B (promoter region B). Overexpression of the transcription factor E2F1 increased DYRK1A mRNA levels in Saos2 and Phoenix cells and enhanced the activity of promoter region B three- to fourfold. CONCLUSION: The identification of two alternatively spliced transcripts whose transcription is initiated from differentially regulated promoters regions indicates that the expression of the DYRK1A gene is subject to complex control mechanisms. The regulatory effect of E2F1 suggests that DYRK1A may play a role in cell cycle regulation or apoptosis. BioMed Central 2008-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC2292204/ /pubmed/18366763 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2199-9-30 Text en Copyright © 2008 Maenz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Maenz, Barbara Hekerman, Paul Vela, Eva M Galceran, Juan Becker, Walter Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1 |
title | Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1 |
title_full | Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1 |
title_fullStr | Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1 |
title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1 |
title_short | Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1 |
title_sort | characterization of the human dyrk1a promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor e2f1 |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2292204/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18366763 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2199-9-30 |
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