Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Cholelithiasis in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis

We performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis on four patients with cirrhosis of the liver, two of whom had clinical portal hypertension and splenomegaly. Preoperative examination disclosed hypersplenism in one patient, while mild thrombocytopenia and decreased prothrombin concentration were noted in three patients. However, no remarkable bleeding tendency was recognized clinically in any of the patients. Preoperatively, by Child-Pugh's criteria, three patients had class B disease and one class A disease. Intraoperatively, remarkable inflammatory change or fibrotic change of the gallbladder wall and Calot's triangle was observed in two cases, and collateral veins and lymphangial congestion were observed in all four cases. In the first case, extreme bleeding and lymphorrhea from dissected sites were observed, and a 1.5 unit of transfusion of whole blood was required during operation. Postoperatively, increase in ascites which was controlled with diuretics was recognized in one case. However, the postoperative course was uneventful in all cases, and no serious complications were recognized. That laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed in patients with cirrhosis if careful and appropriate management of bleeding and lymphorrhea from sites of dissection is ensured, is encouraging.