Lactation and breast cancer risk: a case–control study in Connecticut

In this report, we examined the relationship between lactation and breast cancer risk, in a case–control study of breast cancer, conducted in Connecticut between 1994 and 1998. Included were 608 incident breast cancer cases and 609 age frequency matched controls, aged 30–80 years old. Cases and controls were interviewed by trained study interviewers, using a standardized, structured questionnaire, to obtain information on lactation and other major risk factors. Parous women who reported ever lactation had a borderline significantly reduced risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.83, 95% CI, 0.63–1.09). An OR of 0.53 (95% CI, 0.27–1.04) was observed in those having breastfed more than 3 children compared to those who never lactated. Women having breastfed their first child for more than 13 months had an OR of 0.47 (95% CI, 0.23–0.94) compared to those who never breastfed. Lifetime duration of lactation also showed a risk reduction while none of the ORs were statistically significant. Further stratification by menopausal status showed a risk reduction related to lactation for both pre- and postmenopausal women, while the relationship is less consistent for the latter. These results support an inverse association between breastfeeding and breast cancer risk. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.com