Chronic Endometritis and Positive Mycoplasma Cultures: Is There a Correlation?

Objective: This study was undertaken to assess the impact of mycoplasma strains (Mycoplasma hominis or Ureaplasma urealyticum) on the development of chronic endometritis. Methods: Fifty-eight patients with acute pelvic infection were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Endometrial cultures and biopsies were obtained on admission and 5–7 and 21–28 days after completion of treatment. Results: Of 148 samples, 40 were positive for mycoplasma strains (group A) and 58 were positive for mycoplasma with other pathogens (group B). Twenty-seven samples were positive for other pathogens only (group C). Chronic endometritis was seen in 7 (17.5%), 30 (51.7%), and 10 (37%) in group A, B, and C patients, respectively. Conclusions: The presence of mycoplasma strains in the endometrial cavity was not found to be associated with an increased incidence of chronic endometritis.