Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and db-cAMP inhibit TNF-α release from human mononuclear cells. Effects of cAMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitors

We investigated the effects of specific inhibitors of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) on the inhibitory activity of phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 inhibitors and of the cell permeable analogue of cAMP, db-cAMP on LPS-induced TNF-α release from human mononuclear cells. Incubation from 30 min of mononuclear cells with dbcAMP (10(−5) to 10(−3) M), rolipram (10(−9) M to 10(−5) M) or Ro 20-1724 (10(−9) M to 10(−5) M) significantly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α release. When mononuclear cells were preincubated for 30 min with the selective PKA inhibitor, H89 (10(−4) M), but not with the selective PKG inhibitor, Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPs (10(−4) M), a significant reduction of the inhibitory effect of db-cAMP was noted. Thirty min incubation of mononuclear cells with Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPs induced a significant reduction of the inhibitory activities of both rolipram and Ro 20-1724 (10(−9) to 10(−5) M) on LPS-induced TNF-α release, whereas H89 elicited a moderate, but significant inhibition. The present data indicate that db-cAMP inhibits TNF-α release from human mononuclear cells through a PKA-dependent mechanism. In contrast, PDE 4 inhibitors elicit their in vitro anti-inflammatory activities via a PKG-dependent rather than PKA-dependent activation.