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Influence of Uncertainty and Surprise on Human Corticospinal Excitability during Preparation for Action
Actions are guided by prior sensory information [1–10], which is inherently uncertain. However, how the motor system is sculpted by trial-by-trial content of current sensory information remains largely unexplored. Previous work suggests that conditional probabilities, learned under a particular cont...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cell Press
2008
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2387198/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18485711 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.051 |
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author | Bestmann, Sven Harrison, Lee M. Blankenburg, Felix Mars, Rogier B. Haggard, Patrick Friston, Karl J. Rothwell, John C. |
author_facet | Bestmann, Sven Harrison, Lee M. Blankenburg, Felix Mars, Rogier B. Haggard, Patrick Friston, Karl J. Rothwell, John C. |
author_sort | Bestmann, Sven |
collection | PubMed |
description | Actions are guided by prior sensory information [1–10], which is inherently uncertain. However, how the motor system is sculpted by trial-by-trial content of current sensory information remains largely unexplored. Previous work suggests that conditional probabilities, learned under a particular context, can be used preemptively to influence the output of the motor system [11–14]. To test this we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to read out corticospinal excitability (CSE) during preparation for action in an instructed delay task [15, 16]. We systematically varied the uncertainty about an impending action by changing the validity of the instructive visual cue. We used two information-theoretic quantities to predict changes in CSE, prior to action, on a trial-by-trial basis: entropy (average uncertainty) and surprise (the stimulus-bound information conveyed by a visual cue) [17–19]. Our data show that during preparation for action, human CSE varies according to the entropy and surprise conveyed by visual events guiding action. CSE increases on trials with low entropy about the impending action and low surprise conveyed by an event. Commensurate effects were observed in reaction times. We suggest that motor output is biased according to contextual probabilities that are represented dynamically in the brain. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2387198 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2008 |
publisher | Cell Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-23871982008-06-06 Influence of Uncertainty and Surprise on Human Corticospinal Excitability during Preparation for Action Bestmann, Sven Harrison, Lee M. Blankenburg, Felix Mars, Rogier B. Haggard, Patrick Friston, Karl J. Rothwell, John C. Curr Biol Report Actions are guided by prior sensory information [1–10], which is inherently uncertain. However, how the motor system is sculpted by trial-by-trial content of current sensory information remains largely unexplored. Previous work suggests that conditional probabilities, learned under a particular context, can be used preemptively to influence the output of the motor system [11–14]. To test this we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to read out corticospinal excitability (CSE) during preparation for action in an instructed delay task [15, 16]. We systematically varied the uncertainty about an impending action by changing the validity of the instructive visual cue. We used two information-theoretic quantities to predict changes in CSE, prior to action, on a trial-by-trial basis: entropy (average uncertainty) and surprise (the stimulus-bound information conveyed by a visual cue) [17–19]. Our data show that during preparation for action, human CSE varies according to the entropy and surprise conveyed by visual events guiding action. CSE increases on trials with low entropy about the impending action and low surprise conveyed by an event. Commensurate effects were observed in reaction times. We suggest that motor output is biased according to contextual probabilities that are represented dynamically in the brain. Cell Press 2008-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC2387198/ /pubmed/18485711 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.051 Text en © 2008 ELL & Excerpta Medica. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Open Access under CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) license |
spellingShingle | Report Bestmann, Sven Harrison, Lee M. Blankenburg, Felix Mars, Rogier B. Haggard, Patrick Friston, Karl J. Rothwell, John C. Influence of Uncertainty and Surprise on Human Corticospinal Excitability during Preparation for Action |
title | Influence of Uncertainty and Surprise on Human Corticospinal Excitability during Preparation for Action |
title_full | Influence of Uncertainty and Surprise on Human Corticospinal Excitability during Preparation for Action |
title_fullStr | Influence of Uncertainty and Surprise on Human Corticospinal Excitability during Preparation for Action |
title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Uncertainty and Surprise on Human Corticospinal Excitability during Preparation for Action |
title_short | Influence of Uncertainty and Surprise on Human Corticospinal Excitability during Preparation for Action |
title_sort | influence of uncertainty and surprise on human corticospinal excitability during preparation for action |
topic | Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2387198/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18485711 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.051 |
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