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RPS4Y gene family evolution in primates
BACKGOUND: The RPS4 gene codifies for ribosomal protein S4, a very well-conserved protein present in all kingdoms. In primates, RPS4 is codified by two functional genes located on both sex chromosomes: the RPS4X and RPS4Y genes. In humans, RPS4Y is duplicated and the Y chromosome therefore carries a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2008
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2397393/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-142 |
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author | Andrés, Olga Kellermann, Thomas López-Giráldez, Francesc Rozas, Julio Domingo-Roura, Xavier Bosch, Montserrat |
author_facet | Andrés, Olga Kellermann, Thomas López-Giráldez, Francesc Rozas, Julio Domingo-Roura, Xavier Bosch, Montserrat |
author_sort | Andrés, Olga |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGOUND: The RPS4 gene codifies for ribosomal protein S4, a very well-conserved protein present in all kingdoms. In primates, RPS4 is codified by two functional genes located on both sex chromosomes: the RPS4X and RPS4Y genes. In humans, RPS4Y is duplicated and the Y chromosome therefore carries a third functional paralog: RPS4Y2, which presents a testis-specific expression pattern. RESULTS: DNA sequence analysis of the intronic and cDNA regions of RPS4Y genes from species covering the entire primate phylogeny showed that the duplication event leading to the second Y-linked copy occurred after the divergence of New World monkeys, about 35 million years ago. Maximum likelihood analyses of the synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions revealed that positive selection was acting on RPS4Y2 gene in the human lineage, which represents the first evidence of positive selection on a ribosomal protein gene. Putative positive amino acid replacements affected the three domains of the protein: one of these changes is located in the KOW protein domain and affects the unique invariable position of this motif, and might thus have a dramatic effect on the protein function. CONCLUSION: Here, we shed new light on the evolutionary history of RPS4Y gene family, especially on that of RPS4Y2. The results point that the RPS4Y1 gene might be maintained to compensate gene dosage between sexes, while RPS4Y2 might have acquired a new function, at least in the lineage leading to humans. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2397393 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2008 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-23973932008-05-29 RPS4Y gene family evolution in primates Andrés, Olga Kellermann, Thomas López-Giráldez, Francesc Rozas, Julio Domingo-Roura, Xavier Bosch, Montserrat BMC Evol Biol Research Article BACKGOUND: The RPS4 gene codifies for ribosomal protein S4, a very well-conserved protein present in all kingdoms. In primates, RPS4 is codified by two functional genes located on both sex chromosomes: the RPS4X and RPS4Y genes. In humans, RPS4Y is duplicated and the Y chromosome therefore carries a third functional paralog: RPS4Y2, which presents a testis-specific expression pattern. RESULTS: DNA sequence analysis of the intronic and cDNA regions of RPS4Y genes from species covering the entire primate phylogeny showed that the duplication event leading to the second Y-linked copy occurred after the divergence of New World monkeys, about 35 million years ago. Maximum likelihood analyses of the synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions revealed that positive selection was acting on RPS4Y2 gene in the human lineage, which represents the first evidence of positive selection on a ribosomal protein gene. Putative positive amino acid replacements affected the three domains of the protein: one of these changes is located in the KOW protein domain and affects the unique invariable position of this motif, and might thus have a dramatic effect on the protein function. CONCLUSION: Here, we shed new light on the evolutionary history of RPS4Y gene family, especially on that of RPS4Y2. The results point that the RPS4Y1 gene might be maintained to compensate gene dosage between sexes, while RPS4Y2 might have acquired a new function, at least in the lineage leading to humans. BioMed Central 2008-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC2397393/ /pubmed/18477388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-142 Text en Copyright ©2008 Andrés et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Andrés, Olga Kellermann, Thomas López-Giráldez, Francesc Rozas, Julio Domingo-Roura, Xavier Bosch, Montserrat RPS4Y gene family evolution in primates |
title | RPS4Y gene family evolution in primates |
title_full | RPS4Y gene family evolution in primates |
title_fullStr | RPS4Y gene family evolution in primates |
title_full_unstemmed | RPS4Y gene family evolution in primates |
title_short | RPS4Y gene family evolution in primates |
title_sort | rps4y gene family evolution in primates |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2397393/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-142 |
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