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Exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications

Advances in cancer therapy have been substantial in terms of molecular understanding of disease mechanisms, however these advances have not translated into increased survival in the majority of cancer types. One unsolved problem in current cancer therapeutics is the substantial immune suppression se...

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Autores principales: Ichim, Thomas E, Zhong, Zhaohui, Kaushal, Shalesh, Zheng, Xiufen, Ren, Xiubao, Hao, Xishan, Joyce, James A, Hanley, Harold H, Riordan, Neil H, Koropatnick, James, Bogin, Vladimir, Minev, Boris R, Min, Wei-Ping, Tullis, Richard H
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2504474/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18644158
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-6-37
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author Ichim, Thomas E
Zhong, Zhaohui
Kaushal, Shalesh
Zheng, Xiufen
Ren, Xiubao
Hao, Xishan
Joyce, James A
Hanley, Harold H
Riordan, Neil H
Koropatnick, James
Bogin, Vladimir
Minev, Boris R
Min, Wei-Ping
Tullis, Richard H
author_facet Ichim, Thomas E
Zhong, Zhaohui
Kaushal, Shalesh
Zheng, Xiufen
Ren, Xiubao
Hao, Xishan
Joyce, James A
Hanley, Harold H
Riordan, Neil H
Koropatnick, James
Bogin, Vladimir
Minev, Boris R
Min, Wei-Ping
Tullis, Richard H
author_sort Ichim, Thomas E
collection PubMed
description Advances in cancer therapy have been substantial in terms of molecular understanding of disease mechanisms, however these advances have not translated into increased survival in the majority of cancer types. One unsolved problem in current cancer therapeutics is the substantial immune suppression seen in patients. Conventionally, investigations in this area have focused on antigen-nonspecific immune suppressive molecules such as cytokines and T cell apoptosis inducing molecules such as Fas ligand. More recently, studies have demonstrated nanovesicle particles termed exosomes are involved not only in stimulation but also inhibition of immunity in physiological conditions. Interestingly, exosomes secreted by cancer cells have been demonstrated to express tumor antigens, as well as immune suppressive molecules such as PD-1L and FasL. Concentrations of exosomes from plasma of cancer patients have been associated with spontaneous T cell apoptosis, which is associated in some situations with shortened survival. In this paper we place the "exosome-immune suppression" concept in perspective of other tumor immune evasion mechanisms. We conclude by discussing a novel therapeutic approach to cancer immune suppression by extracorporeal removal of exosomes using hollow fiber filtration technology
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spelling pubmed-25044742008-08-09 Exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications Ichim, Thomas E Zhong, Zhaohui Kaushal, Shalesh Zheng, Xiufen Ren, Xiubao Hao, Xishan Joyce, James A Hanley, Harold H Riordan, Neil H Koropatnick, James Bogin, Vladimir Minev, Boris R Min, Wei-Ping Tullis, Richard H J Transl Med Research Advances in cancer therapy have been substantial in terms of molecular understanding of disease mechanisms, however these advances have not translated into increased survival in the majority of cancer types. One unsolved problem in current cancer therapeutics is the substantial immune suppression seen in patients. Conventionally, investigations in this area have focused on antigen-nonspecific immune suppressive molecules such as cytokines and T cell apoptosis inducing molecules such as Fas ligand. More recently, studies have demonstrated nanovesicle particles termed exosomes are involved not only in stimulation but also inhibition of immunity in physiological conditions. Interestingly, exosomes secreted by cancer cells have been demonstrated to express tumor antigens, as well as immune suppressive molecules such as PD-1L and FasL. Concentrations of exosomes from plasma of cancer patients have been associated with spontaneous T cell apoptosis, which is associated in some situations with shortened survival. In this paper we place the "exosome-immune suppression" concept in perspective of other tumor immune evasion mechanisms. We conclude by discussing a novel therapeutic approach to cancer immune suppression by extracorporeal removal of exosomes using hollow fiber filtration technology BioMed Central 2008-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC2504474/ /pubmed/18644158 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-6-37 Text en Copyright © 2008 Ichim et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Ichim, Thomas E
Zhong, Zhaohui
Kaushal, Shalesh
Zheng, Xiufen
Ren, Xiubao
Hao, Xishan
Joyce, James A
Hanley, Harold H
Riordan, Neil H
Koropatnick, James
Bogin, Vladimir
Minev, Boris R
Min, Wei-Ping
Tullis, Richard H
Exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications
title Exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications
title_full Exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications
title_fullStr Exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications
title_full_unstemmed Exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications
title_short Exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications
title_sort exosomes as a tumor immune escape mechanism: possible therapeutic implications
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2504474/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18644158
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-6-37
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