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Analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Genome Reveals Properties of a Surface-Associated Life Style in the Marine Environment

BACKGROUND: Colonisation of sessile eukaryotic host surfaces (e.g. invertebrates and seaweeds) by bacteria is common in the marine environment and is expected to create significant inter-species competition and other interactions. The bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata is a successful competitor o...

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Autores principales: Thomas, Torsten, Evans, Flavia F., Schleheck, David, Mai-Prochnow, Anne, Burke, Catherine, Penesyan, Anahit, Dalisay, Doralyn S., Stelzer-Braid, Sacha, Saunders, Neil, Johnson, Justin, Ferriera, Steve, Kjelleberg, Staffan, Egan, Suhelen
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2536512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18813346
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003252
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author Thomas, Torsten
Evans, Flavia F.
Schleheck, David
Mai-Prochnow, Anne
Burke, Catherine
Penesyan, Anahit
Dalisay, Doralyn S.
Stelzer-Braid, Sacha
Saunders, Neil
Johnson, Justin
Ferriera, Steve
Kjelleberg, Staffan
Egan, Suhelen
author_facet Thomas, Torsten
Evans, Flavia F.
Schleheck, David
Mai-Prochnow, Anne
Burke, Catherine
Penesyan, Anahit
Dalisay, Doralyn S.
Stelzer-Braid, Sacha
Saunders, Neil
Johnson, Justin
Ferriera, Steve
Kjelleberg, Staffan
Egan, Suhelen
author_sort Thomas, Torsten
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Colonisation of sessile eukaryotic host surfaces (e.g. invertebrates and seaweeds) by bacteria is common in the marine environment and is expected to create significant inter-species competition and other interactions. The bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata is a successful competitor on marine surfaces owing primarily to its ability to produce a number of inhibitory molecules. As such P. tunicata has become a model organism for the studies into processes of surface colonisation and eukaryotic host-bacteria interactions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To gain a broader understanding into the adaptation to a surface-associated life-style, we have sequenced and analysed the genome of P. tunicata and compared it to the genomes of closely related strains. We found that the P. tunicata genome contains several genes and gene clusters that are involved in the production of inhibitory compounds against surface competitors and secondary colonisers. Features of P. tunicata's oxidative stress response, iron scavenging and nutrient acquisition show that the organism is well adapted to high-density communities on surfaces. Variation of the P. tunicata genome is suggested by several landmarks of genetic rearrangements and mobile genetic elements (e.g. transposons, CRISPRs, phage). Surface attachment is likely to be mediated by curli, novel pili, a number of extracellular polymers and potentially other unexpected cell surface proteins. The P. tunicata genome also shows a utilisation pattern of extracellular polymers that would avoid a degradation of its recognised hosts, while potentially causing detrimental effects on other host types. In addition, the prevalence of recognised virulence genes suggests that P. tunicata has the potential for pathogenic interactions. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The genome analysis has revealed several physiological features that would provide P. tunciata with competitive advantage against other members of the surface-associated community. We have also identified properties that could mediate interactions with surfaces other than its currently recognised hosts. This together with the detection of known virulence genes leads to the hypothesis that P. tunicata maintains a carefully regulated balance between beneficial and detrimental interactions with a range of host surfaces.
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spelling pubmed-25365122008-09-24 Analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Genome Reveals Properties of a Surface-Associated Life Style in the Marine Environment Thomas, Torsten Evans, Flavia F. Schleheck, David Mai-Prochnow, Anne Burke, Catherine Penesyan, Anahit Dalisay, Doralyn S. Stelzer-Braid, Sacha Saunders, Neil Johnson, Justin Ferriera, Steve Kjelleberg, Staffan Egan, Suhelen PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Colonisation of sessile eukaryotic host surfaces (e.g. invertebrates and seaweeds) by bacteria is common in the marine environment and is expected to create significant inter-species competition and other interactions. The bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata is a successful competitor on marine surfaces owing primarily to its ability to produce a number of inhibitory molecules. As such P. tunicata has become a model organism for the studies into processes of surface colonisation and eukaryotic host-bacteria interactions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To gain a broader understanding into the adaptation to a surface-associated life-style, we have sequenced and analysed the genome of P. tunicata and compared it to the genomes of closely related strains. We found that the P. tunicata genome contains several genes and gene clusters that are involved in the production of inhibitory compounds against surface competitors and secondary colonisers. Features of P. tunicata's oxidative stress response, iron scavenging and nutrient acquisition show that the organism is well adapted to high-density communities on surfaces. Variation of the P. tunicata genome is suggested by several landmarks of genetic rearrangements and mobile genetic elements (e.g. transposons, CRISPRs, phage). Surface attachment is likely to be mediated by curli, novel pili, a number of extracellular polymers and potentially other unexpected cell surface proteins. The P. tunicata genome also shows a utilisation pattern of extracellular polymers that would avoid a degradation of its recognised hosts, while potentially causing detrimental effects on other host types. In addition, the prevalence of recognised virulence genes suggests that P. tunicata has the potential for pathogenic interactions. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The genome analysis has revealed several physiological features that would provide P. tunciata with competitive advantage against other members of the surface-associated community. We have also identified properties that could mediate interactions with surfaces other than its currently recognised hosts. This together with the detection of known virulence genes leads to the hypothesis that P. tunicata maintains a carefully regulated balance between beneficial and detrimental interactions with a range of host surfaces. Public Library of Science 2008-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC2536512/ /pubmed/18813346 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003252 Text en Thomas et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Thomas, Torsten
Evans, Flavia F.
Schleheck, David
Mai-Prochnow, Anne
Burke, Catherine
Penesyan, Anahit
Dalisay, Doralyn S.
Stelzer-Braid, Sacha
Saunders, Neil
Johnson, Justin
Ferriera, Steve
Kjelleberg, Staffan
Egan, Suhelen
Analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Genome Reveals Properties of a Surface-Associated Life Style in the Marine Environment
title Analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Genome Reveals Properties of a Surface-Associated Life Style in the Marine Environment
title_full Analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Genome Reveals Properties of a Surface-Associated Life Style in the Marine Environment
title_fullStr Analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Genome Reveals Properties of a Surface-Associated Life Style in the Marine Environment
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Genome Reveals Properties of a Surface-Associated Life Style in the Marine Environment
title_short Analysis of the Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Genome Reveals Properties of a Surface-Associated Life Style in the Marine Environment
title_sort analysis of the pseudoalteromonas tunicata genome reveals properties of a surface-associated life style in the marine environment
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2536512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18813346
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003252
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