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Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study
BACKGROUND: Although the incidence of serious morbidity with childhood pneumonia has decreased over time, empyema as a complication of community-acquired pneumonia continues to be an important clinical problem. We reviewed the epidemiology and clinical management of empyema at 8 pediatric hospitals...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2008
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2571094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18816409 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-8-129 |
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author | Langley, Joanne M Kellner, James D Solomon, Nataly Robinson, Joan L Le Saux, Nicole McDonald, Jane Ulloa-Gutierrez, Rolando Tan, Ben Allen, Upton Dobson, Simon Joudrey, Heather |
author_facet | Langley, Joanne M Kellner, James D Solomon, Nataly Robinson, Joan L Le Saux, Nicole McDonald, Jane Ulloa-Gutierrez, Rolando Tan, Ben Allen, Upton Dobson, Simon Joudrey, Heather |
author_sort | Langley, Joanne M |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Although the incidence of serious morbidity with childhood pneumonia has decreased over time, empyema as a complication of community-acquired pneumonia continues to be an important clinical problem. We reviewed the epidemiology and clinical management of empyema at 8 pediatric hospitals in a period before the widespread implementation of universal infant heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine programs in Canada. METHODS: Health records for children < 18 years admitted from 1/1/00–31/12/03 were searched for ICD-9 code 510 or ICD-10 code J869 (Empyema). Empyema was defined as at least one of: thoracentesis with microbial growth from pleural fluid, or no pleural fluid growth but compatible chemistry or cell count, or radiologist diagnosis, or diagnosis at surgery. Patients with empyemas secondary to chest trauma, thoracic surgery or esophageal rupture were excluded. Data was retrieved using a standard form with a data dictionary. RESULTS: 251 children met inclusion criteria; 51.4% were male. Most children were previously healthy and those ≤ 5 years of age comprised 57% of the cases. The median length of hospitalization was 9 days. Admissions occurred in all months but peaked in winter. Oxygen supplementation was required in 77% of children, 75% had chest tube placement and 33% were admitted to an intensive care unit. While similarity in use of pain medication, antipyretics and antimicrobial use was observed, a wide variation in number of chest radiographs and invasive procedures (thoracentesis, placement of chest tubes) was observed between centers. The most common organism found in normally sterile samples (blood, pleural fluid, lung biopsy) was Streptococcus pneumoniae. CONCLUSION: Empyema occurs most commonly in children under five years and is associated with considerable morbidity. Variation in management by center was observed. Enhanced surveillance using molecular methods could improve diagnosis and public health planning, particularly with regard to the relationship between immunization programs and the epidemiology of empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia in children. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2571094 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2008 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-25710942008-10-23 Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study Langley, Joanne M Kellner, James D Solomon, Nataly Robinson, Joan L Le Saux, Nicole McDonald, Jane Ulloa-Gutierrez, Rolando Tan, Ben Allen, Upton Dobson, Simon Joudrey, Heather BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Although the incidence of serious morbidity with childhood pneumonia has decreased over time, empyema as a complication of community-acquired pneumonia continues to be an important clinical problem. We reviewed the epidemiology and clinical management of empyema at 8 pediatric hospitals in a period before the widespread implementation of universal infant heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine programs in Canada. METHODS: Health records for children < 18 years admitted from 1/1/00–31/12/03 were searched for ICD-9 code 510 or ICD-10 code J869 (Empyema). Empyema was defined as at least one of: thoracentesis with microbial growth from pleural fluid, or no pleural fluid growth but compatible chemistry or cell count, or radiologist diagnosis, or diagnosis at surgery. Patients with empyemas secondary to chest trauma, thoracic surgery or esophageal rupture were excluded. Data was retrieved using a standard form with a data dictionary. RESULTS: 251 children met inclusion criteria; 51.4% were male. Most children were previously healthy and those ≤ 5 years of age comprised 57% of the cases. The median length of hospitalization was 9 days. Admissions occurred in all months but peaked in winter. Oxygen supplementation was required in 77% of children, 75% had chest tube placement and 33% were admitted to an intensive care unit. While similarity in use of pain medication, antipyretics and antimicrobial use was observed, a wide variation in number of chest radiographs and invasive procedures (thoracentesis, placement of chest tubes) was observed between centers. The most common organism found in normally sterile samples (blood, pleural fluid, lung biopsy) was Streptococcus pneumoniae. CONCLUSION: Empyema occurs most commonly in children under five years and is associated with considerable morbidity. Variation in management by center was observed. Enhanced surveillance using molecular methods could improve diagnosis and public health planning, particularly with regard to the relationship between immunization programs and the epidemiology of empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia in children. BioMed Central 2008-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC2571094/ /pubmed/18816409 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-8-129 Text en Copyright © 2008 Langley et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Langley, Joanne M Kellner, James D Solomon, Nataly Robinson, Joan L Le Saux, Nicole McDonald, Jane Ulloa-Gutierrez, Rolando Tan, Ben Allen, Upton Dobson, Simon Joudrey, Heather Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study |
title | Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study |
title_full | Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study |
title_fullStr | Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study |
title_full_unstemmed | Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study |
title_short | Empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: A Pediatric Investigator's Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study |
title_sort | empyema associated with community-acquired pneumonia: a pediatric investigator's collaborative network on infections in canada (picnic) study |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2571094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18816409 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-8-129 |
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